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Term 1 Grammar

Term 1 Grammar. Table of Contents. Identify 1 Proper and Common Nouns. Proper Nouns Mia Booderee National Park England. Common Nouns girl park dog. A proper noun names a specific 2 person , place or thing . Proper nouns are always capitalised .

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Term 1 Grammar

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  1. Term 1 Grammar Table of Contents

  2. Identify1Proper and Common Nouns Proper Nouns Mia Booderee National Park England Common Nouns girl park dog • A proper noun names a specific2person, place or thing. • Proper nouns are alwayscapitalised. • A common noun names anyperson, place or thing. • Common nouns are only capitalised at the beginning of a sentence. 2How did I/you identify the type of noun? 3How did I/you explain the answer? Identify proper and common nouns. CFU 1 Read the sentence. 2 Identify the type of noun. (cross) 3 Explain the answer. (Say: “_____ is a _____ noun because _____.”) CFU Which of the following is an example of a proper noun? How do you know? A. brother B. Mike What is the difference between a proper noun and a common noun?   3 4 His brother is a good singer. The boy needed a new sweater. 5 6 The shop is on Second Street. The city of Sydney is very large.   7 8 Trees help to make the city beautiful. Cats have sharp claws.   1 2 Tayla wants more juice. Ms. Atkin is a very nice lady. Proper Proper Proper Proper Proper Proper Proper Proper Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common   1find 2one exact thing Lato

  3. Identify1 Concrete and Abstract Nouns Nouns can be concrete or abstract. 2How did I/you identify the type of noun? 3How did I/you explain the answer? Identify concrete and abstract nouns. 1 Read the sentence. 2 Identify the type of noun.(cross) 3 Explain the answer. (Say: “____ is a ____ noun because ____.”) CFU CFU  Explain why the word tree is a concrete noun. Tree is a concrete noun because __________. Which noun below is an abstract noun? How do you know? A. kindness B. gift  What is the difference between a concrete noun and an abstract noun? The difference between a concrete noun and an abstract noun is __________.   3 4 Friendship is to be cherished. Freedom needs to be secured. 5 6 Anger makes you say hurtful things. Bravery is an action that shows courage. .   7 8 Ivan is a very good student. Riley likes to play the guitar. 1 2 Grasshoppers can jump very high. The cheetah is the fastest animal. Concrete Concrete Concrete Concrete Concrete Concrete Concrete Concrete   Abstract Abstract Abstract Abstract Abstract Abstract Abstract Abstract   1find

  4. Identify1 and Use Pronouns • A pronoun is a word that replaces2 a noun. • Some pronouns replace the noun that does the action. • A singular pronoun is a word that replaces a singular noun. • The noun shows which pronoun to use. CFU Which of the following sentences uses a pronoun? How do you know? A. Akili is hungry. B. He made a sandwich. In your own words, what is a pronoun? A pronoun is _______. CFU How did I/you identify the pronouns? Read the sentences below and identify the pronouns. (circle) 6 2 7 1 9 3 10 4 5 8 Victoria and I made a cake. You need to pay attention. He is taking a nap. He will go fishing tomorrow. She has a terrible headache. It was a beautiful rainbow. You wanted to go the park instead. Do you want to join our team? Lola said that she wants to go. Amanda and I are best friends. 1find 2takes the place of Lato

  5. Identify and Use Plural Pronouns • A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun. • Some pronouns replace the noun that does the action. • A plural pronoun is a word used to replace more than one noun or a plural noun. • The noun shows which pronoun to use. CFU How did I/you identify the plural pronouns? Read the sentences below and identify the plural pronouns. (circle) CFU • Which of the following sentences uses a plural pronoun? How do you know? • He went to class. B. We wrote in the notebooks. • In your own words, what is a plural pronoun? • A plural pronoun is _______. 9 1 3 7 5 4 6 8 10 2 You need to start practising today. What did they decide to do? They wanted to arrive before dark. You won the big race! They wanted to ride the bicycle. They did not want to participate. They had a great time at the party. We laughed a lot that day. You need to be on your best behavior. We had a great time.

  6. Dialogue tag clue words: said, yelled, whispered, replied, answered, asked Use Quotation Marks in Dialogue • Dialogue is words said aloud between people. • Quotation marks show where a speaker’s words begin and end. (“ ”) • The dialogue tag identifies1 who is speaking. • A comma separates2 the speaker’s words from the dialogue tag. • Example CFU Which of the following is an example of quotation marks used in dialogue? A. “I am going home after school,” said Joe. B. Joe is going home after school. Why is the sentence Dylan said he was going home not an example of dialogue?  In your own words, what is dialogue? “Dialogue is _____.” 2How did I/you identify the dialogue tag? 3How did I/you know where to insert a comma? 4How did I/you insert the quotation marks? Use quotation marks in dialogue. 1Read the sentence carefully. 2Identify the dialogue tag. (underline) 3Insert thecomma in the correct place, if needed. 4Insert the quotation marks around the dialogue. CFU ” “ , “ ” , “ ” , 1 2 4 3 5 6 Max said Today is Tuesday. Aly said Butterflies have beautiful wings. I’m riding my bike yelled James. I like bugs answered Tyler. My teacher replied This is the correct answer. I am afraid of bugs whispered Layla. “ ” , “ ” , ” “ , 1 finds 2 split into different parts 3 to place

  7. Use Quotation Marks in Dialogue Dialogue is words said aloud between people. Dialogue tag clue words: said, yelled, whispered, replied, answered, asked Use quotation marks in dialogue. 1Read the sentence carefully. 2Identify the dialogue tag. (underline) 3Insert thecomma in the correct place, if needed. 4Insert the quotation marks around the dialogue. 2How did I/you identify the dialogue tag? 3How did I/you know where to insert a comma? 4How did I/you insert the quotation marks? “ , ” CFU “ ” , “ ” , “ ” , 6 7 1 8 4 2 3 Leo said I am doing a science report about how water is used. It is safe to go in the house replied the firewoman. I am going into the city to hear a musical concert answered Samuel. Ivy said I have a new book about animals. It will rain today said Zara. Cooper said I like to look at the stars at night. Maya said It is cold today. Julian asked Can I look at that book next? 5 “ , ” “ ” , “ ” , “ ” ,

  8. Use Quotation Marks in Dialogue Dialogue is words said aloud between people. Dialogue tag clue words: Said yelled whispered replied answered asked Dialogue tag clue words: said, yelled, whispered, replied, answered, asked Use quotation marks in dialogue. 2How did I/you identify the dialogue tag? 3How did I/you know where to insert a comma? 4How did I/you insert the quotation marks? CFU How did I/you find the sentences that had correct punctuation? 1Read the sentence carefully. 2Identify the dialogue tag. (underline) 3Insert thecomma in the correct place, if needed. 4Insert the quotation marks around the dialogue. CFU “ ” “ ” “ ” , , “ 1 2 3 4 ” What are you doing after school? asked Ava. Mike yelled That movie was really scary! Mason asked Are you going to play cricket today? Are you going to play cricket today? asked Joe. Select all of the sentences which correctly use the punctuation for dialogue. 6 7 What day is our test? “asked William.” The librarian whispered, “No talking in the library.” “What day is our test?” asked William “No talking in the library, whispered the librarian”  “William asked, What day is our test?” “No talking in the library,” whispered the librarian.  William asked, “What day is our test?” The librarian whispered No talking in the library.  

  9. Use Quotation Marks in Dialogue Dialogue is words said aloud between people. Dialogue tag clue words: Said yelled whispered replied answered asked Dialogue tag clue words: said, yelled, whispered, replied, answered, asked Use quotation marks in dialogue. 2How did I/you identify the dialogue tag? 3How did I/you know where to insert a comma? 4How did I/you insert the quotation marks? CFU How did I/you find the sentences that had correct punctuation? 1Read the sentence carefully. 2Identify the dialogue tag. (underline) 3Insert thecomma in the correct place, if needed. 4Insert the quotation marks around the dialogue. CFU “ ” , ” “ ” “ , 2 1 4 3 Today’s date is the 2nd of December said the teacher. “ ” , Liam yelled Tomorrow is my birthday! Is mum making stew for dinner? asked Serita. Leo said I had toast for breakfast. Select all of the sentences which correctly use the punctuation for dialogue. 6 7 “Aly asked,” will we use the computer today? The teacher said please go get your textbooks. “Please go get your textbooks,” said the teacher. Aly asked, “Will we use the computer today?” “The teacher said,” please go get your textbooks. “Aly asked, will we use the computer today?”   “Will we use the computer today?” asked Aly. The teacher said, “Please go get your textbooks.”  

  10. Use Verbs of Different Types • A verb is an action word. • A verb can tell about different kinds of action. • Non-examples • chair • girl • food rakes, rides, throws, gardens 1 CFU How did I/you select a moving verb to match the picture? Write a sentence to describe the picture using a moving verb from the word bank. CFU The boy rakes the leaves. (Answers vary) • Which of the following is an example of a saying verb? How do you know? • whispering • flipping • In your own words, what is a verb? • A verb is _______. 2 The girl rides the horse. (Answers vary) 3 Activity continues on next page. The boy throws the ball. (Answers vary)

  11. Use Verbs of Different Types • A verb is an action word. • A verb can tell about different kinds of action. brushes, catches, swims, sings, splashes 4 He brushes his teeth. (Answers vary) 5 He catches the ball. (Answers vary) 6 The girl splashes in the water. (Answers vary) The woman sings. (Answers vary) 7

  12. Use Verbs of Different Types • A verb is an action word. • A verb can tell about different kinds of action. Fill in the blanks with the saying words from the word bank. More than one word may be correct. says, asks, complains cries, agrees, complains asks, replies, whispers Adapted from Changeabout By Terry Hanson 1. “Where’s the paper?” 2. Dad ____________________, as he enters the living room 3. “Oh, what a day I’ve had! 4. I’m exhausted1,” he ____________________ as he collapses2 into a chair and opens the newspaper. 5. Then Mum comes in, carrying grocery bags, and ____________________, “Hello, dear. 6. My, how tired I am! 7. I’ve had such a busy day!” 8. And she collapses into the lounge. 9. After that, Tom arrives with all his school books. 10. “Hi, Mum. 11. Hi, Dad. 12. Boy, school is a drag. 13. I’m tired,” he ___________________ as he sits on the floor. 14. Finally Jill enters and ___________________, 15. “What’s for dinner? 16. What a lively-looking family! 17. Are you all sick or something?” 18. Mum __________________, “Just tired, dear.” 109 Words asks (answers vary) CFU How did I/you select a saying word to go in the blank? says (answers vary) cries (answers vary) complains asks replies 1tired 2suddenly sits down

  13. Use Verbs of Different Types • A verb is an action word. • A verb can tell about different kinds of action. Fill in the blanks with the thinkingwords from the word bank. More than one word may be correct. imagines, expects, learns understands, learns, wonders, thinks wonders, guesses, plans, knows 7 6 5 8 4 1 3 2 Dorak _______________________ to throw a surprise party for his best friend. Dural _______________________ the mail to come soon. Jiba _______________________ school is fun. Bindi _______________________ about farming and herding. Their mother always _________________________ how it was possible that her two sons could eat so much. Jason _______________________ how to add fractions. Kellie _________________________ how many biscuits are in the jar. Melanie _______________________ whether her brother is telling the truth. wonders CFU How did I/you select a thinking word to go in the blank? guesses (answers vary) plans understands (answers vary) wonders thinks learns expects

  14. Form and Use Simple Tense Verbs • A verb is an action word. • Verb tense shows the time when an action takes place. CFU How did I/you know how to form the verbs in each tense? CFU Which of the following is an example of a verb in the present tense? How do you know? A. sleeps B. will sleep In your own words what is verb tense? Verb tense is _______. Fill in the chart with the correct form of each verb. invited will invite boasted will boast knock will knock Activity continues on next page. hike will hike learn learned follow followed Lato

  15. Form and Use Simple Tense Verbs will look look will kick kick will pick picked will plant planted sways swayed will balance balances sails sailed Lato

  16. Form and Use Simple Tense Verbs • A verb is an action word. • Verb tense shows the time when an action takes place. Form and use verbs of different tenses. 1 Read the sentence carefully. 2 Identify1 the correct verb to fill in the blank. 3 On the line, write the verb tense. A B C 2How did I/you identify the verb in the correct tense to go in the blank? CFU A finished B finishes C will finish will complain complained complains 2 1 Next Monday, Antonia __________ her homework. Yesterday, Kyle __________ all afternoon about his punishment. simple past tense Activity continues on next page. simple future tense 1find

  17. Form and Use Simple Tense Verbs simple present tense 4 5 3 A Right now, mum __________ us it’s time to go to school. We __________ the potatoes if the potatoes are cooked. Sven __________ with fear when he was caught stealing. trembled mashed B will remind simple past tense trembles mash C reminds will tremble will mash reminded A A simple future tense B B C C

  18. Identify1 and Use Contractions Apostrophes hold the place where letters have been erased. has not hasn’t there is there’s • A contraction is a shortened word made from two words. • A contraction uses an apostrophe (’) in place of the letters that have been taken out. • Example • Has not becomes hasn’t • There is becomes there’s • *Cannot becomes can’t • Non-example • yo’ure • you’are Identify and use contractions. 1 Read word #1 and word #2. 2 Combine the two words into a contraction. (write) 3 Add the contraction to the sentence and read the sentence. 2How did I/you know where to put the apostrophe in the new contraction? CFU CFU Why is you’are not an example of a contraction? You’are is not an example of a contraction because __________. In your own words, what is a contraction? A contraction is __________. he’s He’s very nice. I’m riding my bike. I’m isn’t The cow eating grass. isn’t they’re They’re playing outside. I’ll I’ll go to the shop tomorrow. who’s Who’s in your class? can’t can’t You go to the beach. 1find

  19. Identify and Use Contractions Apostrophes hold the place where letters have been erased! has not hasn’t there is there’s • A contraction is a shortened word made from two words. • A contraction uses an apostrophe (’) in place of the letters that have been taken out. Identify and use contractions. 1 Read the contraction. 2 Rewrite the contraction as two words. 3 Read the contraction in the sentence. she is 2How did I/you know what two words were represented by the contraction? She’s very smart. CFU were not They weren’t there. you are You’re on your way. cannot Jason can’t jump that high. we are We’re all friends. would not I wouldn’t do that if I were you. did not I didn’t eat the biscuit. there is There’s an elephant at the zoo. it is It’s rather cold today. are not There aren’t any left.

  20. Write compound sentences. Compound Sentence SV, c SV • Two sentences can be connected to form a compound sentence. • A compound sentence has two main clauses. • Each main clause has a subject and a verb. (SV) • The two main clauses are sometimes linked with a coordinating conjunction1 and are separated with a comma. • The coordinating conjunction shows the relationship between the two clauses. Example This sandwich has lettuce, and that sandwich has tomato. Non-example This sandwich has lettuce, cheese and tomato. 2How did I/you identify the relationship between the sentences? 2aHow did I/you determine which coordinating conjunction to use? CFU Write compound sentences. CFU 1 Read the sentences carefully. 2 Identify2 the relationship between the sentences. (write) a Determine3 which coordinating conjunction to use. 3 Rewrite the sentences as a compound sentence. Which sentences have a relationship of contrast? How do you know? A. A doctor treats illness. A doctor treats injuries. B. A doctor treats illnesses. A doctor does not fix teeth. In your own words, what is a coordinating conjunction? A coordinating conjunction is _______. addition 1 2 The rabbit dashed under the fence, and it ran quickly across the field. I like to visit town. I can go to the cinema. Relationship _________________________ The rabbit dashed under the fence. It ran quickly across the field. Relationship _________________________ Activity continues on next page. result I like to visit town, so I can go to the cinema. 1a word that connects words or clauses 2find 3figure out

  21. Write compound sentences. Compound Sentence SV, c SV contrast Kylie does not like eating meat, but she loves vegetables. addition All the students work hard, and they spend at least two hours on homework each day. contrast The museum has many exhibits, but my favourite is the one on dinosaurs. 3 6 4 5 Kylie does not like eating meat. She loves vegetables. Relationship _________________________ All the students work hard. They spend at least two hours on homework each day. Relationship _________________________ The museum has many exhibits. My favourite is the one on dinosaurs. Relationship _________________________ Ronald was tired. He walked very slowly. Relationship _________________________ result Ronald was tired, so he walked very slowly.

  22. Write compound sentences. Compound Sentence SV, c SV • Two sentences can be connected to form a compound sentence. • A compound sentence has two main clauses. • Each main clause has a subject and a verb. (SV) • The two main clauses are sometimes linked with a coordinating conjunction and are separated with a comma. • The coordinating conjunction shows the relationship between the two clauses. CFU How did I/you form a compound sentence? Combine a sentence from each side of the chart to form a compound sentence. (Answers vary) Karin visited the park, and she had a great time. 1 2 3 4 Karin fed the birds, but it started to rain. Karin wandered down the path, and she looked at all the trees. Karin started to get hungry, so she went home.

  23. Identify1 Complex Sentences Subordinating Conjunctions: after, although, as, because, before, even if, even though, if, if only, in case, now that, since, though, unless, until, when, whereas, whether or not, while • A complex sentence is a sentence that has one main clause2and one subordinate clause3 • connected by a subordinating conjunction. • The main clause has a subject and a verb (SV). • The subordinate clause has a subject, a verb and a subordinating conjunction (cSV). • Complex sentences can be written as cSV, SV or SVcSV. • Examples: • After I ate breakfast, I went to visit my friend. • I received good grades because I studied a lot. • Non-example: • After breakfast, I went to visit my friend. 2How did I/you label the subordinating conjunction, the subject and the verb? 3 How did I/you identify the type? Identify complex sentences. 1 Read the sentence. 2 Label the subordinating conjunction (c), the subject (S) and the verb (V). 3 If it is a complex sentence, identify the type. (circle) CFU CFU Which of these is an example of a complex sentence? How do you know? A. After the introduction, Roxanne wrote the rest of the essay. B. After she wrote the introduction, Roxanne finished the essay. In your own words, what is a complex sentence? A complex sentence is ______. c S V S V c S V S V S V c S V S V c S V S V S V 1find 2 (main clause) sentence that can stand alone 3 (subordinate clause) ideas that depend on another clause to complete the thought 4 (subordinating conjunction) a conjunction that begins a subordinate clause Lato

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