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Evolution

Explore the concept of evolution, answering big questions like how species become more diverse and why some survive environmental changes while others do not. Delve into the origins of the evolutionary theory and the scientists who paved the way. Discover the role of natural selection and adaptation in shaping species characteristics, and learn about the fascinating relationship between the chicken and the egg.

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Evolution

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  1. Evolution Moving toward a brighter future?

  2. Evolution Answering some BIG questions. • How do species becomes more diverse? • How do some species survive environmental changes and others do not?

  3. Evolution Answering some smaller questions. • What came first the chicken or the egg? • Chicken ______ • Egg ______

  4. Evolution A (R)Evolutionary Theory • Conceived by Charles Darwin after his voyage on the Beagle to the Galapagos Islands. The Theory of Evolution • Concept Review: What is the difference between a theory and a law in science?

  5. Evolution A (R)Evolutionary Theory Charles Darwin in his book On the Origin of Species presented a model for evolution that changed the way the world viewed life and the processes that formed it.

  6. Evolution BUT!!!!

  7. Evolution The concept of evolution did not begin with a boy and his beagle but with other scientists who paved the way. “If I have seen a little further it is by standing on the shoulders of Giants.“ Sir Isaac Newton

  8. Evolution Scientists who led the way RockGuys Life Guys Jean-Baptiste Lamarck – Had his own hypothesis on evolution. That through selective use or disuse of organs, organisms acquired or lost traits DURING their lifetime and that these traits could be passed to offspring, changing the species. Thomas Malthus – Published on population growth, noting that more babies were being born than people were dying. He said that if this kept up we would run out of food and living space. • James Hutton – Theorized that the Earth was much older than just a few thousand years. • Charles Lyells – Taught that the way things worked in the present is the key to understanding the past. That the same processes that shape the world today; earthquakes, volcanos, etc. also were present in the past.

  9. Evolution What this meant to Darwin RockGuys Life Guys Jean-Baptiste Lamarck - That organisms change over time and the concept was out there already. Thomas Malthus – That if humans could grow until they covered the whole planet, plants and animals that reproduce more than us must have something that limits their growth. • James Hutton – That the world is very old and that would give enough time for Darwin’s hypothesis to have taken place. • Charles Lyell – That the earth has been going through the same processes so life should also be going through the same process now as it did before.

  10. Evolution What he saw by standing on the shoulders of giants That all life came from a common ancestor, having evolved into different forms. That since more organisms are born than can be supported they must compete to survive. This competition for resources is the key, Darwin called it survival of the fittest or Natural Selection

  11. Evolution Natural Selection As populations grow they experience forces that limit how much they can grow; food supply, living space and predators to name a few. These forces are called limiting factors

  12. Evolution Natural Selection If your supplies are limited and you want to survive that means you need to compete for the supplies.

  13. Evolution Natural Selection However things aren’t always easy.

  14. Evolution Natural Selection Darwin proposed that only the fittest organism would live and reproduce, and that includes within the same species. This is why he called it survival of the fittest, because only if you were the “best” would your genetic code get passed down to the new generation.

  15. Evolution Natural Selection So what made you the fittest? How do you get to be the fittest?

  16. Evolution Natural Selection Adaptation – An inherited characteristic that increases an organisms chance of survival.

  17. Evolution Natural Selection Over time natural selection results in changes in a species characteristics, these changes increase a species’ fitness in its environment. Note: Since each environment is different no one species is fit for all environments

  18. Evolution Natural Selection If you want to be able to change it helps to have the tools that let you do so.

  19. Evolution Natural Selection These tools are called Genetic Variance. Genetic variance is when a species has a pool of genes for characteristics that could be more useful in certain situations. Ex. Sickle Cell Anemia in humans

  20. Evolution Natural Selection Changes take a lot of time Similar species with many common traits probably have a more recent common ancestor than species that are not very similar.

  21. Evolution Answering some smaller questions. • What came first the chicken or the egg? • Answer The EGG! Following evolution all chicken and birds descended from a common ancestor, we know this because they all lay eggs. At some point there was a creature that was like a chicken but not a chicken that creature laid an egg and from it was born a creature that was different enough from the parent to be called chicken !

  22. Evolution Natural Selection Lab Simulation of Wolves vs. Bunnies Work in pairs, one controls the simulation while the other fills out the worksheet Follow the instructions on the worksheet I know it is fun but focus first!

  23. Evolution • Businessman Vs. Sumo Wrestler. (n.d.). Stock Photos & Funny Pictures - Our Stock Photos Include Images of Animals, Business, Concepts, Lifestyles, humor, ethnic and more! . Retrieved March 9, 2013, from http://www.johnlund.com/page.asp?ID=7030 • Charles Darwin: On The Origin of his Surname at Bill Casselman's Words of the World at www.billcasselman.com. (n.d.). Bill Casselman's Words of the World & Canadian Word of the Day:Their Etymologies & General Word Lore at www.billcasselman.com. Retrieved March 9, 2013, from http://www.billcasselman.com/unpub_two/darwin_surname.htm • Charlie Brown And Snoopy Pictures and Images. (n.d.). Pictures and Images. Retrieved March 8, 2013, from http://free-extras.com/images/charlie_brown_and_snoopy-5370.htm • Coding Horror: What's On Your Utility Belt?. (n.d.). Coding Horror. Retrieved March 10, 2013, from http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2010/08/whats-on-your-utility-belt.html • Map of Galapagos Islands - Galapagos Islands Map, Galapagos Islands Information - Worldatlas.com. (n.d.). World Atlas Atlas of the World including Geography Facts, Maps, Flags - worldatlas.com. Retrieved March 8, 2013, from http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/samerica/galap.htm Sources Miller, K. R., & Levine, J. S. (2006).Prentice Hall biology. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Standing on the shoulders of giants. (n.d.). The meanings and origins of sayings and phrases. Retrieved March 9, 2013, from http://www.phrases.org.uk/meanings/268025.html

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