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Bell Work

Bell Work. Who developed Aquaculture?. Introduction to Aquaculture. Lesson #1 Area: Animal Science Unit: Aquaculture. Define Aquaculture Identify how Aquaculture is important to our society Identify the components of Aquaculture. Objectives. Definition.

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Bell Work

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  1. Bell Work • Who developed Aquaculture?

  2. Introduction to Aquaculture Lesson #1 Area: Animal Science Unit: Aquaculture

  3. Define Aquaculture Identify how Aquaculture is important to our society Identify the components of Aquaculture Objectives

  4. Definition “Aquaculture is the farming of aquatic organisms, including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic plants. Farming implies some form of intervention in the rearing process to enhance production, such as regular stocking, feeding, protection from predators, etc. Farming also implies individual or corporate ownership of the stock being cultivated.” SOURCE: FAO FISHERIES CIRCULAR NO. 815 REVISION 8, 1996

  5. In Other Words • The controlled raising of aquatic plants and animals in a confined environment.

  6. How Long Has Aquaculture Been Around? • First Developed in Asia • 3500 BC Chinese raised carp in ponds • Developed breeding techniques for increased production

  7. Why has the demand for fish in the US increased?

  8. Per Capita Consumption 1998 14.9 lbs./capita

  9. Nutritional Comparisons

  10. Why is Aquaculture considered the fastest growing industry in the agriculture sector?

  11. World Production SOURCE: USDC/NOAA/NMFS CURRENT FISHERIES STATISTICS 9600, JULY 1997

  12. Why Aquaculture Looks Good to Farmers • Increased Seafood Consumption • 14.9 lbs per person in 1998 • Good quality of protein low in fat • Better Production to Cost Ratio • 1 1/2 lbs of feed to 1 lb of fish

  13. Agriculture vs. Aquaculture 1 • Variable body temperature • Better converters of foodstuffs • Requires less energy for body support 1 lb feed = 1 lb fish Compared to 2

  14. 1995 Farm Bill Proposal “Aquaculture is poised to become a major growth industry.”

  15. U.S. Aquaculture1998 • Food Fish Production increased • 308 million pounds in 1992 • 768 million pounds in 1998

  16. U.S. Aquaculture1998 • Total Value: $5.6 Billion • 181,000 Full-time Jobs • Fastest Growing Sector Of U.S. Agriculture

  17. Aquaculture Sales

  18. Value by Category

  19. Top States Source: 1998 Census of Aquaculture, USDA-NASS

  20. Production States NORTH CENTRAL NORTHEASTERN WESTERN Perch Striped Bass Tilapia Trout Salmon Shellfish Striped Bass Tilapia Salmon Shellfish Striped Bass Catfish Striped Bass Tilapia SOUTHERN TROPICAL & SUBTROPICAL Ornamentals, Food and Shellfish

  21. Aquaculture Requires • Land • Water • Money • Training

  22. Species Selection • Producer’s expertise • Marketability • Climate • Production economics • Species biology • Production methods ?

  23. Types of Aquaculture • Food Fish • Baitfish • Sport Fish • Fee Fishing

  24. Water Temperature • Warmwater Range • 75º – 90º F • Example: Tilapia

  25. Water Temperature • Coolwater Range • 60o – 80o F • Example: Bass

  26. Water Temperature • Coldwater Range • 48o – 65o F • Example: Trout

  27. Food Fish

  28. Food Fish Species • Catfish • Tilapia • Rainbow trout • Atlantic Salmon • Shrimp • Shellfish • Striped Bass • Others

  29. Baitfish

  30. Baitfish Species • Fathead minnows • Golden shiners • Goldfish • Crawfish • White suckers

  31. Pond and Lake Stockings

  32. Pond Stocking Species • Channel catfish • Largemouth bass • Bluegill • Redear sunfish • Yellow perch • Trout

  33. Fee Fishing

  34. Fee Fishing • Long-term leases • Day leases or “ticket lakes” • “Fish-out” or by the pound ponds

  35. What are the types of Production Methods used in Aquaculture?

  36. Production Methods • Ponds • Cagesand pens • Raceways • Closedre-use systems Source: 1998 Census of Aquaculture, USDA-NASS

  37. Spawning Ponds 0.1 acre • Spawning • Broodstock • Hatching of eggs • Fingerling • Grow-out to market size Fingerling 1 acre Food size 20 acre

  38. Carrying Capacity • Maximum weight that an area can support expressed either as lbs/acre or lbs/gal/min Feed and aeration 2,000 - 8000 lbs/acre Feed 2,0000 lbs/acre 300 lbs/acre

  39. Cages and Pens 4 feet 4 feet 4 feet

  40. Cage Culture • Allows deep farm ponds or lakes to be used for production • Low investment • Decrease in production rate

  41. Raceways

  42. Raceways • Yield • 15-20,000 lbs for every 500 gallon/min flow. Concrete Raceway Earthen Raceway

  43. Fish Solids filter Pump Bio. filter Water Re-use Systems H2O

  44. Re-circulating Aquaculture Systems (RAS) Layout

  45. RAS Biological Filters Solids Filter Tank Aeration

  46. How can fish be marketed?

  47. Market Techniques • Direct Marketing • Wholesale • Whole fish • Headed and gutted • Fillets • Steaks • Value added

  48. Conclusion • Aquaculture is a fast growing industry with many possibilities for production and marketing.

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