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Do Now: What happens to water when salt and fresh water mix?

Do Now: What happens to water when salt and fresh water mix?. Aim: What type of biomes form when fresh and salt water mix? . Estuary. Where the “arm” of a sea extends inland to meet the mouth of a river Sea water moves inward mixing with fresh river water resulting in brackish water

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Do Now: What happens to water when salt and fresh water mix?

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  1. Do Now: What happens to water when salt and fresh water mix?

  2. Aim: What type of biomes form when fresh and salt water mix?

  3. Estuary • Where the “arm” of a sea extends inland to meet the mouth of a river • Sea water moves inward mixing with fresh river water resulting in brackish water • High in nutrients and sediments • Shallow water, high sunlight • Rich in both plant and animal life • Commercially important marine life use estuaries as a nursery for their eggs • Types: Salt water marsh, Mangrove forest, Inlets, & Bays

  4. Estuary

  5. Salt Marsh • Transition zone from ocean to land, where salt water and freshwater mix. • Water level fluctuates do to tides. • Plants are salt and tide tolerant. • One of the most productive ecosystems.

  6. Pic: Salt Marsh & Food Web Salt marsh

  7. Mangrove Forest • Trees that grow in saline water in the tropics. • Characterized by deposition of fine sediment that protects the area from high energy wave action. • Can tolerate brackish water-pure salt water.

  8. Pic: Mangrove Forest Mangrove forest

  9. Wetlands • Among the most diverse ecosystems • Area saturated with water permanently or seasonally • Found along the shores of fresh bodies of water • Types: • Marshes • Swamps • Bogs • Prairies potholes (seasonal) • Flood plains (occur when excess water flows out of the banks of river into a flat valley)

  10. BOG PRARIE POTHOLE SWAMP FLOOD PLAIN

  11. Saltwater Ecosystem: Barrier islands • Important source of biodiversity • Land form off coastal shores created by the build up of deposited sediments • Boundaries are constantly shifting as water moves around them • Important buffer for the shoreline behind them when offshore storms hit

  12. How did the barrier island protect NJ during Hurricane Sandy?

  13. Pic: Island Barrier

  14. Tropical Waters Barrier Island: Coral Reef • Formed by cnidarians that secrete a hard, calciferous (calcium carbonate) shell skeleton • providing homes for a diversity of marine life species • Not formed by depositing of sediment • Vulnerable to physical stresses, change of light intensity, and water temperature

  15. FW & SW Upwelling • Seasonal movement water from the cold, nutrient rich bottom to the surface • Provides nutrients to organisms living in the photic zone causing exponential growth

  16. Red Tide Formation • After upwellings, fisheries boom • Organisms like single-celled algae grow exponentially • Algal blooms can lead to red tide • Deadly toxins released into water from dinoflagellate wastes • Result massive fish and marine life die off

  17. SumaryChoose 1 of the following: • Explain how the atmosphere effects the hydrosphere. • Compare & contrast sea water salinity to fresh water salinity. • Create a story about the life of a river starring you as a drop of rain. • Explain vertical stratification in fresh water biomes.

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