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CHAPTER 9: Collaboration and Social Media Participation

CHAPTER 9: Collaboration and Social Media Participation. Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction Fifth Edition Ben Shneiderman & Catherine Plaisant in collaboration with Maxine S. Cohen and Steven M. Jacobs. Goals of Collaboration

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CHAPTER 9: Collaboration and Social Media Participation

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  1. CHAPTER 9:Collaboration and Social Media Participation Designing the User Interface: Strategies for Effective Human-Computer Interaction Fifth Edition Ben Shneiderman & Catherine Plaisant in collaboration withMaxine S. Cohen and Steven M. Jacobs

  2. Goals of Collaboration Asynchronous Distributed Interfaces Different place, different time Email, listservers, blogs, wikis, online communities Synchronous Distributed Interfaces Different place, same time Chat, IM, texting, audio and video conferencing Face-to-Face Interfaces Same place, same time Electronic classrooms, meeting rooms, control rooms Introduction

  3. Characteristics and examples of collaboration and social media participation 9-*

  4. Goals/Types of Cooperation Focused Partnerships A few people who need each other to complete a task Pilot/copilot/air traffic controller, programming team Customer support tech and customer Lecture or demo One person sharing information with many Synchronous, asynchronous, or Face to Face Conference Groups with distributed participants Structured Work Processes distinct organizational roles combine on specific task Ex: University Admissions Meeting and Decision Support Simulates a meeting environment, combining multiple contributions and suggestions Shared and private windows, large screen projector Collaboration

  5. Goals/Types of Cooperation Electronic Commerce Online shopping sometimes offers live help links Synchronous communication with sales representative Tele-Democracy Online town hall meetings Not strictly political, can be corporate Online Communities Groups of people widely distributed Communities of Interest/Communities of Practice Networked Communities Collaboratories Groups of professionals sharing equipment Similar interest and purpose but compete for resources Multiple types of collaboratories https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wrnkju8o8vA 1:50 Telepresence Remote experiences that are almost like being physically present Includes games and virtual worlds https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jMCR9xep81E Collaboration

  6. Time/space matrix model of group-supported work 9-*

  7. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Close collaboration across time and space. •Email •Listservers •Yahoo!/Google groups (discussion boards) •Blogs •Wikis •Online and networked communities

  8. •Email: –simple, personal, and prompt service –clearly convey facts through copying and pasting documents –typically text-only, but increasingly includes other structured objects •graphics •sounds •animations •web pointers •video –tools •filtering •archiving •mailing lists •discussion groups Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time 9-*

  9. E-mail message on an iPhone Google’s web-based email (Gmail) Electronic mail (cont.): Email on mobile devices Online directories Web services with E-mail E.g. Hotmail, and Yahoo! Mail Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time (cont.) 9-*

  10. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Email disadvantages: –can be too loosely structured –transient –sometimes overwhelming –cost for downloading data on mobile devices •Evolution of email video: –Prequel: A funny look at email http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HS9U0Q4Pyxo

  11. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Listserver: –more structured group discussion –individual must subscribe to receive e-mail notices –provides tools to organize, archive, and search discussion history -Listserve

  12. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Listserv: –may be moderated by a leader –may be mail reflector –receive messages as digests –server machine keeps searchable archive or past notes and subscriber list –users can get flooded with listserv emails

  13. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Yahoo!/Google groups: –messages have a short headline and arbitrarily long body (threaded discussion) –easy to follow –two types of messages •launch a new topic •reply to a topic

  14. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Yahoo!/Google groups: –supports •graphical attachments •private discussion groups –tools •service to hundreds of users •security and privacy •archival backup

  15. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time

  16. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time

  17. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Blogs –supports democratic philosophy –typically focuses on a topic –used for open electronic documents or diaries –reasons of use •documenting one’s life •providing comments and opinions •expressing emotions •articulating ideas •forming and maintaining community forums

  18. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time (cont.) 9-*

  19. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Blogs –Microblogging/mini-blogging: •collaborative type of social media participation •used to talk about users’ lives as they happen •Twitter •Tumblr •Instagram

  20. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Wikis –Hawaiian word for “fast” –supports democratic philosophy –collaborative web pages –discussion of a variety of topics –Wikipedia

  21. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time •Wikis –Wikipedia •collaborative encyclopedia –over 40 countries, 250 languages •anyone can add to an existing topic or start a new one •archived previous versions •Wikipedia video –Colbert Vs. Wikipedia (0:00 - 1:05) –http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=20PlHx_JjEo

  22. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time (cont.) 9-*

  23. Online and networked communities Group identity Patient support groups Impact on offline communities Community policies & freedom of speech Network communities can be controversial hackers hate groups para-military groups Distance education courses Reputation managers for online stores Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time (cont.) 9-*

  24. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time (cont.) Bob’s ACL Kneeboard, a threaded discussion board for people who have suffered tears of the anterior cruciate ligaments in their knees. (http://factotem.org/cgi-bin/kneebbs.pl) 9-*

  25. Asynchronous distributed interfaces: Different place, different time (cont.) Starting screen for a virtual classroom example from the Los Angeles County Office of Education 9-*

  26. Synchronous distributed applications Group editing Shared screens for customer assistance Give demonstrations simultaneously at multiple sites Allow sharing of information for various applications Interactive games Security Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  27. Group editing Google Drive Ether Pad Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  28. Shared screens for customer assistance TeamViewer LogMeIn Remote PC Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  29. Shared data for separate display needs De Mobo PowerPoint controller PowerPoint Keynote Remote ShowDirector Remote Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  30. Give demonstrations simultaneously at multiple sites. Usually simplified into the problem of video conferencing. The simplest version of this situation is everyday television. Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  31. Audio and video conferencing Videoconferencing slow response times for entering and leaving session distracting background audio difficulty in determining who is speaking inadequate lighting difficulty in making eye contact changed social status small image size potential invasion of privacy need for convenient turn taking need for document sharing Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time (cont.) 9-*

  32. Audio and video conferencing (cont.) Issues of ownership and control private and public workspaces identity of participants location of actions care with updating Whether audio or video conferencing is more appealing than chat, IM, and texting, or more effective than asynchronous text, depends on the goals and the task environment Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time (cont.) 9-*

  33. Allow sharing of information for various applications Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  34. Allow sharing of information for various applications Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  35. Allow sharing of information for various applications HP ePrint Google cloud print HP Direct print Synchronous vs Asynchronous Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  36. Interactive games Any live online game Multiple players seeing the same game and influencing it from different parts of the world. Problems like lag Design decisions Banning Advertising ect. Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time 9-*

  37. Chat, instant messaging, and texting CHAT, Internet Relay Chat (IRC), and TALK Flamers MUDs Instant Messaging LOL etc. Twitter Texting and cell phones Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time (cont.) 9-*

  38. Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time (cont.) Parental control system to oversee children’s online activities (http://www.sentryparentalcontrols.com/) 9-*

  39. Security Smart Camera by Samsung Mole Synchronous distributed interfaces:Different place, same time (cont.) 9-*

  40. Face-to-face interaction is the typical way people interact As a designer we have to address this issue Face-to-face interaction is important because it helps build trust in a team and has motivational aspects How do we address the issue? Understand the role of of technology is to preserve face-to-face interaction Recognize role of shared control of computing tools to promote active participation while preserving leadership roles of the meeting organizer Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time

  41. Innovative approaches to work and learning include: Shared display from lecturer workstation Audience response units Text-submission workstations Brainstorming, voting, and ranking. Benefits of electronic meeting systems: Parallel communication promotes broader input into the meeting process and reduces the chance that a few people dominate the meeting. Anonymity mitigates evaluation apprehension and conformance pressure, so that issues are discussed more candidly. The group memory constructed by participants enables them to pause and reflect on information and opinions of others during the meeting and serves as a permanent record of what occurred. Process structure helps focus the group on key issues and discourages irrelevant digressions and unproductive behaviors. Task support and structure provides information and approaches to analyze it. Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time 9-*

  42. File sharing Shared workspace Group activities Colab LiveBoard Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time (cont.) 9-*

  43. SMART Board Similar to LiveBoard but uses a projector instead of a monitor Allows pen or finger interaction, locally and remotely Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time (cont.)

  44. Public spaces facilitate sharing Allows user to work jointly on a project Coordination and technology can hinder seamless communication and stall work progress Better suited for non-goal directed activities Such as sharing photos or notifications Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time (cont.)

  45. Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time (cont.) Modulor II is a time-dependent architectural work of art in which participants create new patterns daily by collaboratively weaving colored strings through an interactive labyrinth of luminous poles (Halkia and Local) 9-*

  46. Electronic classrooms Active individual learning experiences include using software during class time to: Write essays in English or poems in a foreign language Find antecedents of Impressionism in an art history library of 9000 images Run business simulations to increase product quality Perform psychological statistical analyses Do landscaping with computer-assisted design and graphics packages Compose computer programs and search the Internet Small teams and large teams Changes teaching style Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time (cont.) 9-*

  47. Face-to-face interfaces:Same place, same time (cont.) Students in an online classroom. Activity is monitored by color: speech in yellow, hand motion in red, body motion in green. Under each student is a timeline of their individual activity and at the bottom is an activity picture (using the colors) of the class (Chen) 9-*

  48. Computing has become more social Many new software allow more personal communication remotely Goals of Collaboration Collaboration allows for communication and information sharing between businesses, communities, and friends Collaboration is required for groups who are geographically dispersed, dispersed across time, or just in need of a more efficient way to communicate information face-to-face Asynchronous distributed interfaces Allow for collaborations between people in different locations without the constraint of time. Synchronous distributed interfaces Live sharing of data between two or more devices that can span any physical distance. Conclusion

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