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BUS 290: Chapter 6

BUS 290: Chapter 6. Databases and Information Management. Objectives. Problems managing data in “traditional” environments and how a DBMS solves them Major capabilities of a DBMS and why relationship DBMS are so powerful Some important principles of database design

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BUS 290: Chapter 6

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  1. BUS 290: Chapter 6 Databases and Information Management

  2. Objectives • Problems managing data in “traditional” environments and how a DBMS solves them • Major capabilities of a DBMS and why relationship DBMS are so powerful • Some important principles of database design • Principal tools & techniques for accessing database information to improve performance & decision making • Why are information policies, data administration & data quality assurance essential?

  3. Terms • Bit • Byte • Field • Record • Entity • Attribute • File • Database

  4. Traditionally … • Each department had independent data and way of handling/processing it This led to .. • Redundant data • Inconsistent data • Inconsistent field names or values • Program data dependence • Field sizes, formats

  5. And more Issues • Lack of flexibility • Not designed for ad hoc queries • Poor Security • Lack of Data Sharing • Lack of Data Availability

  6. Relational Databases Access, Oracle database, etc • 2 dimensional tables (AKA files) • Each table has information on an ENTITY • Primary Key links tables • 3 basic operations • Select • Join – combines data from several tables • Project – creates a new table with the Joined data

  7. DBMS Tools Tools to organize, manage & access data • Data definition • creates tables and defines fields • Data dictionary • from size, type, format on Access to Usage ownership, security on large databases • Queries and reports • Structured Query Language (SQL)

  8. Database Design Need to understand: • Data relationships • Type of data (and potentially size) • How it will be used • How it will be manipulated New databases must be NORMALIZED • Sub tables created • Every table will include one common field – the key

  9. Data Marts Instead of one centralized database … • Smaller decentralized data marts • Highly focused data for market segments • Easier, faster & cheaper access

  10. Business Intelligence • Online Analytical Processing • Just like the data analysis in Chapter 1 • Data Mining • Discovery driven • Association … buy chips … buy coke • Sequences … buy a house - Buy new fridge 2 weeks later • Classification … characteristics – segmentation • Clustering • forecasting • Predictive Analysis • Text mining & Web mining (e.g. what we google)

  11. Managing Data • Data Administration (CIO’s office) • Develops policy, plans for data, oversees the database design & data dictionary • Data Governance • PnP for availability, integrity, security & compliance with government regulations • Information Policy • Rules: how to share, disseminate, acquire, standardize, classify, modify and inventory information • Data quality Audits

  12. Chapter 6 Homework • Management decision Problems • Discussion question 3

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