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The LHC Phase-2 upgrade introduces refined parameters for the LPA, with a beam charge of Nb=5x10^11, a spacing of 50 ns, and a geometric factor (ge) of 3.75 mm. The beta-star (b*) is set to 0.1 m, and the size (sz) is 11.8 cm. This configuration presents lower luminosity with varying parameters. Additionally, the SPL option poses significant challenges, particularly regarding e-bunch charge management. The upgrade aims to enhance performance while addressing these complexities.
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proton parameters from LHC “phase-2” LPA upgrade: Nb=5x1011, 50 ns spacing, ge=3.75 mm, b*=0.1 m, sz=11.8 cm (less luminosity with other p parameters); SPL option is more challenging (e- bunch charge!)