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Technology …

Technology …. Can It Save Us?. - Toolbelt Evolution -. J. A. Drake, P.E. Director, Technical Serivces Duke Energy Gas Transmission. The “Original” Toolbelt. ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Code early 1950’s, defined standards for Design – Materials – Construction – Operations - Maintenance

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Technology …

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  1. Technology … Can It Save Us? - Toolbelt Evolution - J. A. Drake, P.E. Director, Technical Serivces Duke Energy Gas Transmission

  2. The “Original” Toolbelt • ASME B31.8 Gas Pipeline Code early 1950’s, defined standards for Design – Materials – Construction – Operations - Maintenance • State of Technology in 1950 • Corrosion managed with CP • Tar based coatings applied over the ditch • Hydrostatic testing very new – not consistently applied • X grade materials achieved strength via chemistry • Manufacturing capabilities limited • TPD managed by depth of cover, line markers and ROW • Code developer recognized limitation of technology and imprecise tools • Addressed by embedding conservative safety factors • Ramped up safety factors in higher consequence areas to accommodate imprecise tools

  3. High pressure hydrostatic testing (1950’s) Materials technology Coating Technology In-Line Inspection – Direct Assessments (2000’s) High frequency welding(1960’s) Fracture mechanics – toughness (1990’s) Controlled roIled steels – lower chemistry (1980) Milled applied coatings FBE 1980’s Standards Res (1980’s) Hi – Res (1990’s) Slope deformation/Hi Res Dent (2000’s) Crack Tools (liquids) (2000’s) Technology Evolved

  4. New Toolbelt • ASME B31.8 IMP • Guidelines on maintenance & operations part of lifecycle • Provide clarity on threat criteria and tool applicability • Define threat classes, - Time Dependent, Time Independent, Stable – better tool deployment • IC/EC - Better biocides, piggability in designs, high resolutions ILI, better coatings, DA • SCC - Better understandings of drivers, FBE coatings, temperature controls • Materials - Higher pressure testing, chemistry controls, continuous cast/ controlled rolled steels, fracture toughness, mill inpsection technology • Construction - Better welding, NDT, coatings, Hydrostatic Testing, Post Construction ILI • Third Party Damage/Outside Force - Puncture resistivity, fracture control, One Call System, Public Awareness Programs, Surveillance, ILI

  5. Toolbelt Users Manual • Safety performance statistics analysis defined: • Stress is not primary determinant in failure frequency • More rigorous practices more them compensated for less conservative safety factors • No Silver bullets • Hammers and screws • Toolbelts diversity essential • Apply right/appropriate tool for this job • Multiple tools on single threat to address different dimensions or work as fabric/multiple layers • IMP Standards provide guidance/clarity • In place on maintenance and operations • Working to update balance of lifecycle • Rules have a role in ensuring practice in deployed • But over prescription has a downside • Technology is a part of the solution • Continue to define gaps in the toolbelt • But, effective applications is essential

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