Europe: War and Change

1. Europe: War and Change By: Mr. Hunter

2. September 11 • How did you feel about the United States before September 11th? • How did that change after September 11th? • How did many people’s attitudes change about the United States after September 11th?

3. Nationalism • There was a heightened sense of nationalism in the United States after September 11th. • So, what do you think nationalism is?

4. Nationalism Nationalism: strong pride in one’s nation or ethnic group

5. Ethnic Group Ethnic group: people with similar languages and traditions, but are not necessarily ruled by a common government

6. What caused the sense of nationalism? • The shift from monarchy to constitutional monarchy • Threats from other countries

7. Colonialism • 1. Why were colonies important to their ruling countries? • 2. How did the nations of Eastern Europe differ from those of Western and Northern Europe at the end of the 19th century?

9. Europe at War • Gavrilo Princip murdered Archduke Franz Ferdinandin 1914, and Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia.

10. And Then…. • Russia sent troops to Serbia (The people in this country have the same ethnic background). • Then, Germany declared war on Russia.

12. Alliances • Alliances: agreements among people of nations to unite for a common cause • Germany invaded Belgium, which was neutral, to attack France (geographic location).

13. Alliances Germany attacked U.S. merchant ships, and the United States joined the allies in 1917.

15. What do you think? • 1. How does this photograph use visual clues to evoke strong feelings of political power? • 2. Why did Hitler need so much military might?

16. What do you think? • 1. Visual clues: uniforms, raised hand salute, swastika, Iron Eagle. • 2. What do you think the swastika symbol meant in 1938? What about today?

17. Swastika

18. 1. Compare/contrast this photograph with a photograph you have seen of the American government. • 2. How was the swastika symbol related to this photograph? • 3. How would a military government be different from a civilian government? • 4. Why do you think the Germans wanted photos? How did they use them? • 5. Do you believe that there are times, even in the United State, when the military should take control of government? Give your reasons to support your answer.

19. Commercial tv was introduced at the New York World’s Fair in 1939. WW II delayed further development, and it wasn’t until a decade later that televisions found their ways into homes across the country. How do you think American involvement in the war interfered with the development of television? If Hitler would have had television to use, would it have helped or hurt his cause?

20. Pretend that you are a TV news reporter in 1938 and Hitler has granted you an exclusive interview. Write the interview with 10 questions and his answers. We will televise the itnterview.

21. 1. Imagine that you are an unemployed German factory worker in 1938. You approve of Hitler and his policies. Write a one-page letter to a friend that explains why you support the Third Reich. • 2. Write a letter from a different point of view- that of a Jewish shop owner in Germany in 1938. • Express your state of mind, fears, and your hopes. Be sure to include at least one specific event that gives reasons for your feelings.

22. U.S. Involvement WW II

23. U.S. Involvement • The United States became involved in WW II after Japan bombed U.S. military bases at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii on December 7,1941. • Pearl Harbor Simulation

24. At the end of the war…. • 1. The U.S., France, and Britain occupied Western Europe. • 2. The Soviet Union occupied Eastern Europe, including eastern Germany. • 3. NATO was formed. • 4. The Marshall Plan helped European economies be rebuilt.

25. The Iron Curtain • Main Idea • Details

26. Soviet Control of Eastern Europe • Main Idea • Details

27. Joseph Stalin’s Rule • Main Idea • Details

28. Joseph Stalin • Joseph Stalin was a Communist leader of the Soviet Union during World War II. • Stalin controlled agriculture in the Soviet Union through collective farms. • Stalin’s police arrested people whom Stalin did not trust and who did not support the government and sent them to Siberia

29. Political Cartoon • Create a political cartoon about Stalin and his policies that might have appeared in a newspaper in the United States.

30. Soviet Industry and Agriculture • Main Idea • Details

31. The Cold War • Main Ideas • Details

32. Powerful Soviet Union • Explain how the Soviet Union became so powerful after WW II.