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Chapter 7 Consonantal Gestures

Chapter 7 Consonantal Gestures. Professor: 鍾榮富教授 Students : 陳昱璇 ．楊之耘． 楊玉玲 na0c0007 ． Na0c0014 ． na0c0017. Consonantal Gestures. Two way to describe the aspect: 1. the places of articulatory - the targets of the gestural movements 2. the manner of articulatory

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Chapter 7 Consonantal Gestures

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  1. Chapter 7Consonantal Gestures Professor:鍾榮富教授 Students :陳昱璇 ．楊之耘． 楊玉玲 na0c0007 ．Na0c0014． na0c0017

  2. Consonantal Gestures • Two way to describe the aspect: • 1. the places of articulatory • - the targets of the gestural movements • 2. the manner of articulatory • - how to approach

  3. Articulatory Targets • (1) bilabial • (2) labiodental • (3) dental • (4) alveolar • (5) retroflex • (6) palato- • alveolar • (7) palatal • (8) velar • (9) uvular • (10) pharyngeal (11) epiglottal

  4. (1) Bilabial The bilabial gesture is common in English - bilabial stops and nasals [ p, b, m ] - bilabial fricatives allophones of the labiodental sounds [ f, v ] Ewe of West Africa [ , ] voiceless and voiced bilabial fricativesVanuta – linguo-labials - nasals, stops, fricatives

  5. (2) Labiodental • Many languages , English • - the labiodental fricatives [ f, v ] • Probably no labiodental stops or nasals - except allophones bilabial sounds - a labiodental nasal /ɱ/, when /m/ occurs before /f/ - emphasis or symphony Some languages have affricates - the bilabial stop is released into a labiodental fricative

  6. (3) Dental British and American English - dental fricatives [ , ] No dental stops, nasals, or laterals - except allophonically before [ , ] - as in eighth, tenth, wealth Tip, dip, nip, lip - to feel where your tongue touches the roof of your mouth

  7. (4) Alveolar • Stops, nasals, and fricatives all occur in English and in many other languages. (5) Retroflex • Made by curling the tip of the tongue up and back so underside touches or approaches the back part of the alveolar ridge. - IPA [ , , ]

  8. (5) Retroflex

  9. (5) Retroflex

  10. (6) Palato-alveolar • Gestures for [ ʃ, ʒ ] - the front of the tongue is slightly domedRetroflex is exactly equivalent to apical post-alveolar • Palato-alveolar is equivalent tolaminal post-alveolar • Apical – sounds made with the tip of the tongue • Laminal - sounds made with the blade • In English – the palato-alveolar sounds are the fricatives and affricates [ ʃ, ʒ,tʃ, dʒ ] French, Italian - nasals made the same or similar position

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