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Genetics and Life Span

Genetics and Life Span. 23 Chromosomes . Each parent provides a gene, different genes from each parent are called alleles (a-leels) Some alleles are Dominant and others Recessive, thus not all are expressed So, a person can be a carrier of a trait- which is then passed on to one’s offspring.

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Genetics and Life Span

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  1. Genetics and Life Span

  2. 23 Chromosomes • Each parent provides a gene, different genes from each parent are called alleles (a-leels) • Some alleles are Dominant and others Recessive, thus not all are expressed • So, a person can be a carrier of a trait- which is then passed on to one’s offspring

  3. Alleles • Sometimes Alleles are not recessive or dominant, but blend (blood types) • Many traits occur due to many genes, not just one

  4. Dominant Gene Alleles Disorders • Far sightedness • Huntington's Disease • Achondroplasia • Extra toes or fingers • Marfan’s Syndrome • Some Glaucomas • High Blood Cholesterol

  5. Recessive, Defective Alleles • Autism • Cystic Fibrosis • PKU • Galactosemea • Tay-Sachs Disease • Thalassemia • Hemophilia • Albinism • Growth Hormone Deficiency • Near sightedness • Dry Eyes • Day Blindness

  6. Polygenic Disorders • Alzheimer’s • Multiple Sclerosis • Mental Illness • Allergies • Cleft Lip • Hypertention

  7. Chromosome Abnormalities • Down Syndrome

  8. Sex-Linked Recessive • Color blindness • Hemophilia • Baldness • Fragile X • Muscular Dystrophy • SCID

  9. Sex Linked Dominant • Albright’s Osteodystrophy • Goltz Syndrome • Oral-facial-digital syndrome

  10. 3 Types of effects genes can have on the Environment • 1) Passive • 2) Evocative • 3) Active

  11. Environment and Genetics • Environmental factors regulate hormones • Hormones regulate gene’s protein production • Proteins are the building blacks of the body and produce: • Hormones • Neurotransmitters • Enzymes All of which effect the way we feel and which produce tendencies or predispositions to behave in certain ways, which effect the environment.

  12. Genetically Predisposed More Sensitive to Environmental Triggers Some will never manifest disorder, while others will

  13. Prenatal Development • Genetics • We can now detect some disorders prenatally and intervene such as: • Spina Bifida • Tay-Sachs • PKU • Hypothyroidism • Galactosemia • Down Syndrome • Hemophilia • Cystic Fibrosis • And Others

  14. Prenatal Development • Environmentally --Teratogens (Alcohol, tobacco, cocaine,pot, AIDS, Lead, OTC meds) • Stage of development • Mother’s & Babies genes/sensitivity • Dose amount • Number of risk factor --Nutrition (poor protein, vitamin/minerals) --Stress (cortisol) --Good Medical Care

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