FIRST AID

1. FIRST AID COMPLETE THE BLANKS!!

2. First Aid Basics • First Aid – • _______________that you give someone with an illness or injury before _____________arrives. • Duty to Act – • You have the choice of whether or not to stop and help. • You have the Duty to give the level of care that you learn from this unit. • You have the _______________________to act the way a reasonable person with your level of training would act.

3. Victim and Rescuer Safety • As you approach the scene think about the following. • __________________for the rescuer? • __________________ for the victim? • Are there other people around who can help? • Where is the nearest telephone/cell phone? • How many ______________? • How were _______________? • What is _______________?

4. Steps to find the problem • Always make sure the scene is safe. • Check for responsiveness. (Shake and Shout) • If the victim is awake. • Ask permission to help. • Ask what the problem is • If the victim is not responsive. • Call (or send someone to call) 911 and get your first aid kit and AED.

5. Open Airway with a Head tilt-Chin lift. • Check for Breathing • L_________ • L_________ • F_________ • Look For _____________signs of injury • Such as • Bleeding • Broken Bones • Burns • Bites • Look for medical information ____________

6. MEDICAL EMERGENCIES

7. Choking • Ask “Are you choking?” If the victim nods tell them you are going to help. • Stand firmly behind and wrap hands around front. • Make a fist with one hand. • Place thumb side of fist slightly above __________and well below _______________. • Grasp fist with other hand. • Give upward thrusts until object is forced out and victim can breathe or talk (or stops responding).

8. Allergic Reactions Mild Allergic Reaction Bad Allergic Reaction

9. Actions • Make sure the scene is ___________ • Phone _______ • If the victim responds and has epinephrine pen, help victim get it and ask them to use it • If the victim stops responding start CPR • If possible save a sample of what caused the reaction.

10. Diabetes and Low Blood Sugar • Signs of Low Blood Sugar • A change in ___________such as confusion or irritability • ____________ or even not responding • Hunger, thirst, or weakness • Sweating, pale skin color • A Seizure

11. What to do… If the victim can sit up and swallow – • Give them something containing _________ to eat or drink. • Have the victim sit quietly or lie down. • If the victim doesn’t feel better after a while, call 911. If Not – • Call 911 immediately and start CPR

12. Siezures Signs and Symptoms • Loss of muscle control • Fall to the ground • Jerking movements of the arms and legs • Stop responding

13. Actions for a Seizure • Protect the victim from injury by: • Moving furniture or other objects • Placing a pad or towel under the victims head • Phone or have someone phone 911 • After the seizure check for breathing • If not start CPR • Rescue position if there are no head, neck, or spine injuries. • Stay with victim • Do Not Attempt to _________________________

14. Shock Shock develops when there is not enough blood flowing to the cells of the body Signs:

15. ACTIONS for Shock Help victim lie on back If no leg injury, raise victim’s legs ____________________________________ Use pressure to stop any bleeding Cover victim to keep them_____________

16. Injury Emergencies Bleeding you can see Wounds Bleeding you can’t see Head & Spine Injuries Burns & Electrocution

17. ACTIONS: Injuries you can see Make sure scene is safe for you Call 911 and get First Aid kit Put on protective equipment **If nose bleed, keep victim _______________with pressure on nose **If tongue, keep_____________________, leaning forward

18. ACTIONS: Injuries you can’t see Examples: head/spine injuries, internal bleeding, broken bones & sprains Make sure scene is safe for you Call 911

19. ACTIONS: Burns and Electrocution Make sure scene if safe for you Call 911 if necessary If burn area is small, __________________________ ____________ Cover burn with______________________________ Check for signs of shock

20. Environmental Emergencies Animal/insect bites and stings Temperature related emergencies Poison emergencies

21. Bites & Stings ACTIONS: snakes, bees, spiders, animals Make sure scene is safe for you Call 911 if necessary Put on protective equipment

22. Temperature: Heat Related Signs Muscle cramps Headache

23. ACTIONS for Heat Call 911 Move victim to a cool or shady area If victim stops responding, start CPR

24. Cold Related Signs Frostbite – Skin is white, waxy, grayish-yellow Area is______________________ Area is ______________________________________ Hypothermia – Skin is______________________________ Shivering ______________________________________________ Muscles become_____________________________

25. ACTIONS for Cold Related Get victim out of cold Call 911 If victim stops responding, start CPR

26. Poison ACTIONS: Make sure scene is safe for you Put on protective equipment If victim does not respond, call ________ If victim does respond, call_____________________ Remove poison from ____________________if you can do it safely (ie, remove clothing, shower, running water) Try identify the______________ Check for signs of allergic reaction