1 / 22

WOW Macromolecules

WOW Macromolecules. Polymers. What do all macromolecules have in common?. They all contain Carbon Has 4 valence electrons. What do all macromolecules have in common?. 2. They are all polymers A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks called monomers.

happy
Télécharger la présentation

WOW Macromolecules

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. WOW Macromolecules Polymers.

  2. What do all macromolecules have in common? • They all contain Carbon • Has 4 valence electrons

  3. What do all macromolecules have in common? 2. They are all polymers • A polymer is a long molecule consisting of many similar building blocks called monomers What is a polymer? 3. They are all assembled by a Dehydration reaction (Condensation). How are polymers assembled?

  4. 1 HO H 3 2 H HO Unlinked monomer Short polymer Dehydration removes a watermolecule, forming a new bond H2O 1 2 3 4 HO H Longer polymer (a) Dehydration reaction in the synthesis of a polymer Figure5.2A Dehydration (Condensation) Reaction

  5. 1 3 HO 4 2 H Hydrolysis adds a watermolecule, breaking a bond H2O 1 2 H HO 3 H HO (b) Hydrolysis of a polymer Figure 5.2B • Polymers are disassembled by • Hydrolysis

  6. 1. Carbohydrates- polysaccharide Starch- plants storage sugar Cellulose plant cell wall Examples in the cell

  7. Chitin- exoskeleton of insects Glycogen- how the body stores sugar

  8. Carbohydrates • Monomer = Monosaccharide (simple sugar) • Type of bond = glycosidic linkage • Function: • Storage and structural support

  9. 2. Lipids Examples in the cell Fats- lipids in animals Oils – Lipids in plants

  10. Phospholipids -make up cell membrane Steroids –Hormones in the cell.

  11. Lipids • Monomer = Fatty acid tail Ester linkage • Type of bond = ester linkage • Function: • Energy storage • Protection

  12. 3. Proteins • Proteins - more than 50% of dry mass of cells • Functions include: • Enzymes • Structural • Storage • Transport • Hormonal (cellular communication) • Receptor • Contractile (movement) • Defensive Proteins in mouse cells Animation: Protein Functions

  13. Proteins Examples in the cell Enzymes- speed up chemical reactions

  14. Proteins • Monomer = Amino Acid • Type of bond = Peptide Bond • Function: • Diverse and many

  15. LE 5-20a Amino end Amino acid subunits Proteins level of structure1. Primary Carboxyl end

  16. Proteins level of structure2. Secondary LE 5-20b b pleated sheet Amino acid subunits  helix

  17. LE 5-20d Proteins level of structure3. Tertiary Hydrophobic interactions and van der Waals interactions Polypeptide backbone Hydrogen bond Disulfide bridge Ionic bond

  18. LE 5-20e Polypeptide chain b Chains Proteins level of structure4. Quaternary Iron Heme a Chains Hemoglobin Polypeptide chain Collagen

  19. 4. Nucleic Acids Examples in the cell DNA stores genetic information RNA – Carries genetic code to cell.

  20. Nucleic Acids • Monomer = Nucleotide • Type of bond = Covalent and Hydrogen bond between bases • Function: • Store genetic information

More Related