Hotel and Conference Center

1. Hotel and Conference Center Virginia, USA Haley Darst | April 13, 2011 | Lighting /Electrical Professors Dr. Kevin Houser and Ted Dannerth

2. Thesis Scope of Work Lighting Architecture Structural Electrical redesign of the exterior façade and central courtyard, main hotel lobby, lounge, and ballroomn redesign of the exterior façade and central courtyard, main hotel lobby,lounge,and ballroom addition of clerestories in ballroom addition of clerestories in ballroom redesign framing and check column heights where clerestories were added redesign framing and check column heights where clerestories were added redesign of four lighting spaces, photovoltaic array analysis, and copper versus aluminum feeders redesign of four lighting spaces, photovoltaic array analysis, and copper versus aluminum feeders

3. Presentation Outline Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements

4. Presentation Outline Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements Orientation and Building Statistics Size Stories Cost Construction Spaces/Functions 174,000 sq. ft. 8 total $50 million Fall 2008 – Summer 2010 148 guest rooms, restaurant, lounge, ballrooms, meeting and conference rooms

5. Presentation Outline Architect’s Vision Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ConceptLobbyLounge “Our concept is to blur the line between interior and exterior and to pull the outdoors indoors.” -Gensler Architecture Group

6. Presentation Outline Lobby Lounge Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements Seating Areas Signage ConceptLobbyLounge Restaurant Main Entrances Elevators Conference Center

7. Presentation Outline Lobby Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements • Guide guests throughout hotel with light • Conceal lighting to enhance architecture • Create a welcoming atmosphere • Horizontal illuminance • On workplane = 30fc • On floor = 10fc • Lighting Power Density = 1.1 W/ft2 • Design Goals • Design Criteria ConceptLobbyLounge

8. Presentation Outline Lobby Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ConceptLobbyLounge

9. Presentation Outline Lobby Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ConceptLobbyLounge

10. Presentation Outline Lobby Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ConceptLobbyLounge

11. Presentation Outline Lobby Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements Avg. Ill (floor): 12.14 fc Avg. Ill (elevator lobby) : 15.13 Avg. Ill (main desk) : 28.07 fc Avg. Ill (hostess stand) : 33.21 fcLPD: 0.99 W/sf and 0.48 W/sf for decorative ConceptLobbyLounge

12. Presentation Outline Lounge Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements Dining areas Central Bar Seating ConceptLobbyLounge

13. Presentation Outline Lounge Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ConceptLobbyLounge

14. Presentation Outline Lounge Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements • Create an intimate atmosphere • Conceal lighting • Draw attention to bar • Horizontal illuminance • On workplane = 10fc • Lighting Power Density = 1.4 W/ft2 • Design Goals • Design Criteria ConceptLobbyLounge Mirrored images :: Reflection of light Glowing translucent bar :: Mystery and light Glass panels :: Glowing, warm light Ambient glow :: Merging of both concepts

15. Presentation Outline Lounge Performance Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ConceptLobbyLounge Avg. Ill : 12.03 fc LPD: 0.87 W/sf

16. Presentation Outline Ballroom Introduction Lighting ArchitectureStructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements • Integrate a unique daylighting system within the space to enhance the architect’s overall image for the hotel ObjectiveAnalysis 2. Enhance room aesthetics and architectural integrity

17. Presentation Outline Ballroom Introduction Lighting ArchitectureStructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ObjectiveAnalysis

18. Presentation Outline Ballroom Introduction Lighting ArchitectureStructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements • 4 clerestories • 2 on north elevation • 2 on east elevation • 5’-6 ½” x 17’-0” • Viracon Low-E (VE) Laminated Glass ½” (VE 1-40) • VT = 39% • Sivoia QED roller20 Shades – ClassicoCollection • Pocket configuration for shade options • Sheer and Blackout options • Controllable via Electronic Drive Unit housed in roller assembly ObjectiveAnalysis

19. Original Elevations Original Elevations Presentation Outline Ballroom Introduction Lighting ArchitectureStructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements New Elevations East North East North ObjectiveAnalysis East North

20. Presentation Outline Ballroom Introduction Lighting ArchitectureStructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements December 21 March 21 June 22 8 am 8 am 8 am ObjectiveAnalysis 12 pm 12 pm 12 pm 4 pm 4 pm 4 pm

21. Presentation Outline Ballroom Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements ObjectiveAnalysis Maintain the structural integrity of the Ballroom with the addition of four clerestories

22. Original Elevations Presentation Outline Ballroom 11 11 9 10 10 12 PJ Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements New Elevations East North ObjectiveAnalysis East North

23. Presentation Outline Ballroom Beam Analysis Column Analysis Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements Steel column11 was considered: W10x39 φPN with an effective length of 26’-0” = 104 kip *Assume k =1 ObjectiveAnalysis P = 91.6 kip 49.8 kip 403.65 ft kip Maximum Shear = Maximum Moment = P < φPN φ VN > calculated shear φ MN > calculated moment Δmax = l/240 = 1.193 in 1.65 in Δmax < l/240

24. Presentation Outline Electrical Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements • Consider switching from copper to aluminum feeders throughout the entire building, taking into account: ObjectiveAnalysis • Cost of both materials • Performance of both materials

25. Presentation Outline Electrical Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements • Aluminum • + Lower cost • + Lighter weight • + Used more frequently today • + Withstands more surge and overload currents • + On per pound basis, twice as good at conducting electricity • + Can be protected again if oxidation occurs • Connections tend to loosen • Wire sizes would have to increase to achieve same ampacity as copper wires Cost Information Generated for Each Metal ObjectiveAnalysis Cost Savings Percent Savings $56,995.71 54% *Cost data was referenced from RS Means 2011 for both conduit and conductors

26. Presentation Outline Conclusions Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements Lighting Architecture Structural Electrical designs incorporate nature and the effects of light seen in nature, integrating the architect’s overall design conceptdesigns comply with criteria incorporated 4 clerestories into ballroom that provide uniform light checked beams and columns to ensure structural integrity with clerestory addition 54% cost savings with aluminum feeders

27. Presentation Outline Acknowledgements Introduction Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Conclusions Acknowledgements AE Department HLB Lighting Design AE Colleagues Friends and FamilyCaffeine Professor Ted DannerthDr. Kevin Houser Dr. Richard Mistrick Lee Brandt especially the lighting kids!and Britnei…for pulling more all-nighters with me than I ever thought possible… Roommate, Anne BransonFriends, Non-AEParents and siblings Thank you. Questions or comments? Couldn’t have done it without you

28. Appendix Lighting Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical

29. Appendix Lighting Lobby Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical 1The maximum wattage allowable for the track head is 50W, although the 35W lamp is specified for the project 2The maximum wattage per track is 300W, therefore this value was considered in the LPD calculations because it is greater than the number of track heads specified *Note: The decorative allowance accounted for above includes all of the track fixtures (D/E), the surface mounted fluorescents (I), and 72’-0” of the LED strips (K1-3).

30. Appendix Lighting Lobby - Details Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Front Desk Detail Restaurant Signage Cove Detail Entry Signage

31. Appendix Lighting Lounge Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical

32. Appendix Lighting Lounge - Details Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical Glass Tile Detail (recessed in bar) Toe-kick Detail Bar Detail Cove Detail

33. Appendix Architecture Controls available in Ballroom Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical

34. Appendix Structural Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical New tributary area of the joist = 7’-6” x 30’-0” Dead load: PD = (Superimposed Dead Load + Roof Load) x Trib.Area + Joist Load = (10 psf + 40 psf) x (7.5 ft x 30 ft) + (12 plf x 30 ft) = 11250 lbs + 360 lbs = 11610 lbs Live load: PS = Snow Load x Tributary Area = 22 psf x (7.5 ft x 30 ft) = 4950 lbs Total PU: PU = 1.2D + 1.6L = 1.2(11610) + 1.6(4950) = 21.9 kip • Maximum Shear = 49.8 kip • Maximum Moment = 403.65 ft kip • φ VN > calculated shear • φ MN > calculated moment

35. Appendix Structural Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical • Column Height calculations: • Steel column11 was considered: W10x39 • New tributary area for the column: (12’-0” + 16’-6”) x 30’-0” • Table 4-1 (AISC): • φPN with an effective length of 26’-0” = 104 kip • *Assume k =1 Dead Load: = Superimposed Dead Load + Roof Load + Framing = 10 psf + 40 psf + 10 psf = 60 psf Dead Load x Tributary Area = 60 psf x (30 ft x 28.5 ft) = 51300 = 51.3 kip Live Load x Tributary Area = 22 psf x (30 ft x 28.5 ft) = 18810 = 18.8 kip Total P: P = 1.2D + 1.6L = 1.2(51.3) + 1.6(18.8) = 91.6 kip P < φPN

36. Appendix Electrical Lighting Architecture StructuralElectrical