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Chapter 33

Chapter 33. Restructuring the Postwar World. Section 1 Cold War: Superpowers Face Off. The opposing economic and political philosophies of the US and SU lead to global competition. ALLIES BECOME ENEMIES. SU ‘s nonaggression pact with Germany SU thought the US came into WWII too late.

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Chapter 33

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  1. Chapter 33 Restructuring the Postwar World

  2. Section 1Cold War: Superpowers Face Off • The opposing economic and political philosophies of the US and SU lead to global competition.

  3. ALLIES BECOME ENEMIES • SU ‘s nonaggression pact with Germany • SU thought the US came into WWII too late

  4. Yalta Conference: A Postwar Plan • February 1945 • US, Britain, and SU meet

  5. Agreed to… Divide Germany into 4 zones Germany would pay war reparations to SU Stalin agreed to join the war against Japan Eastern Europeans (Poland) would have free elections Yalta Conference: A Postwar Plan Continued…

  6. 50 countries joined the UN. Members protect each other against aggression. Creation of the United Nations

  7. All 50 make up the General Assembly, there is also an 11-member Security Council. 5 permanent members have Security Council veto power. Creation of the United NationsContinued…

  8. USSR lost more lives than the US and their infrastructure was destroyed. Differing US and Soviet Goals

  9. USSR wanting to shield itself from invasion from western countries. USSR disregards the Yalta Conference and formed communist governments on its western boarder. EASTERN EUROPE’S IRON CURTAIN

  10. July 1945: Potsdam Conference is held. Truman, Stalin and Churchill (FDR had died) USSR was pressed to allow free elections in Poland. Stalin refuses, says capitalism and communism cannot co-exist. EASTERN EUROPE’S IRON CURTAIN Continued…

  11. Germany now split in two; East (including Berlin) communist and West democratic. An Iron curtain divides East and West

  12. Churchill in a speech made in Fulton, Missouri stated that the USSR had created an “iron curtain” between Democratic Western Europe and Communist Eastern Europe

  13. Through the Truman Document a policy of containment was issued. Tried to stop communist expansion. Congress is asked to aid Turkey and Greece. UNITED STATES TRIES TO CONTAIN SOVIETS

  14. Secretary of State George Marshall proposed aid to needed European countries. $12.5 billion issued. The Marshall Plan

  15. 1948 France, Britain and the US withdraw from Germany. Their former occupation zones form one country. Berlin was divided into 4 zones. USSR cut West Berlin off from outside influence. It faced starvation. The Berlin Airlift

  16. From June 1948 – May 1949 Allied planes took off and landed every three minutes in West Berlin. Brought in food and supplies The Berlin Airlift Continued…

  17. THE COLD WAR DIVIDES THE WORLD • Definition: struggle of U.S., USSR using means short of war. Lasted until 1991.

  18. 1949: Because of the Berlin blockade, 10 western European nations, the US and Canada formed NATO. NATO – North Atlantic Treaty Organization, defensive military alliance. An attack on any NATO member would be considered an attack on all members. Superpowers Form Rival Alliances

  19. Superpowers Form Rival Alliances Continued… • 1955: USSR responds by forming the Warsaw Pact. • 1961: Soviets build Berlin Wall to separate East and West Berlin.

  20. US has atomic bombs 1949 USSR exploded its own atomic weapon. 1950 Truman issues work on a thermonuclear weapon: the H-bomb The Threat of Nuclear War

  21. 1953 Eisenhower is president. John Foster Dulles was secretary of State. He issued a policy known as brinkmanship. Definition Willingness to go to the edge of war. The Threat of Nuclear War Continued…

  22. 1957 USSR creates a ICBM (intercontinental ballistic missile) Sputnik was launched. First unmanned satellite. 1958 US sends its first missile. 1960 US wants to be able to fly over USSR. The Cold War in the Skies

  23. USSR says no Hits a US spy plane (U-2) over 15 miles high in the sky. US feels a need to catch up to, or surpass the Soviets. 1961 USSR: first man in space. 1969 US first man on the moon. The Cold War in the Skies Continued..

  24. Name of Conference, Who the people are, Main thing discussed

  25. This term was coined in Fulton Missouri by this person. • Aid to European Countries fell under this _____ plan. • What did the allies form because of the Berlin blockade and what was USSR’s response? • John Foster Dullas coined the term_____ and it means what? • Truman made this and it helped these countries.

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