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Enhancements in MODIS Sea Surface Temperature Retrievals and Calibration Techniques

This report details recent advancements in the retrieval and calibration of Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) using MODIS data. Key improvements include a refined correction approach for seasonal offsets and bias adjustments, particularly regarding the TERRA mirror side. We address quality testing challenges, such as losses in high gradient regions, and demonstrate successful revisions to the outlier testing process. Emphasizing traceability to National Standards via the NIST EOS Transfer Radiometer, this work highlights ongoing efforts to enhance SST data accuracy for climate studies.

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Enhancements in MODIS Sea Surface Temperature Retrievals and Calibration Techniques

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  1. MODIS Sea Surface Temperatures Robert H. Evans & Peter J. Minnett Meteorology & Physical Oceanography Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science University of Miami Miami

  2. MODIS SST update • Latitude Band – seasonal offsets, correction approach to use separate SST retrieval coefficients per lat band. SST4 not affected. • SST coverage – current quality tests can results in loss of SST in high gradient regions, GS core – correction approach to test only for ‘too cold’. Test with OGBP last week shows revised test successful. • TERRA mirror side offset – requires revised mirror side bias correction • Worked with OBPG to correct coding errors • Transfer match-up extraction

  3. SST AQUA SST4

  4. SST TERRA SST4 TERRA

  5. AQUA & TERRA Match-ups vs timeby latitude band

  6. SST4 residuals (left)and in situ data density (right)

  7. Improved SST outlier testing GS core, slope-stream boundary

  8. Terra mirror side correction

  9. SST CDRs – traceability to NIST standards • Climate Data Records require traceability to National Standards. • For MODIS SSTs this is through the Infrared Radiometry Calibration Facilities at RSMAS. • The RSMAS Water Bath Black-Body Calibration Target was characterized by the NIST EOS Transfer Radiometer (TXR) during a workshop in 2001, at the start of the Terra, Aqua and Envisat Missions • NIST traceability to MODIS SSTs through M-AERIs and ISARs • Follow-up workshop planned for late 2008.

  10. M-AERI & ISAR deployments • M-AERI deployments on Explorer of the Seas halted on 1 Dec 2007; new operating framework being negotiated. • M-AERIs continue to be deployed on Research Vessels, one currently on Ronald H Brown, another to be installed on Oden next month. • ISAR deployed on Jingu Maru on a trans-Pacific route. M-AERI Oden

  11. END

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