1. proposals

2. What is a proposal? • “Proposals attempt to persuade an audience to take some form of action: to authorize a project, accept a service or product, or support a specific plan for solving a problem or improving a situation.” • (Lannon, p.582) persuade “Proposals attempt to persuadean audience to take some form of action: to authorize a project, accept a service or product, or support a specific plan for solving a problem or improving a situation.” to authorize a project accept a service or product

3. Proposal audience • Decision Makers Criteria & Ranking Solicited proposal: Request for Proposals (RFP) Unsolicited proposal

4. RFP Example: Hough Hall

5. The audience’s needs • What is the problem or need and why is it important? • Why should we spend time, money, and effort on this? • What exactly is the plan and how do we know it is feasible? • Why should we accept the items that seem costly about your plan? • What action are we supposed to take? Statement of Significance Benefits Realistic, cost-effective solution Objections Action

6. Types (purposes) of proposals • Planning proposals offer solutions to problems or suggest improvements. • Research proposals request approval and/or funding for a study. • Sales proposals persuade the audience to purchase services or products. “Proposals attempt to persuade an audience to take some form of action: to authorize a project, accept a service or product, or support a specific plan for solving a problem or improving a situation.” (Lannon, p.582)

7. Writing the proposal • PROBLEM  SOLUTION 1. Problem Statement (also called Goalsin some proposals) 2. Significance of the Problem / Benefits of the Solution to the Audience 3. Solution (Description of the Proposed Plan, Purchase, Procedure, or Project) a. Details/Analysis Subdivided Appropriately (also called Technical Approach or simply Design) b. Budget (detailed for building phase, efficiency analysis for schematic design phase) c. Schedule 4. Summary, Recommendation, and Reiteration of Significance and/or Benefits

8. Example of an unsolicited proposal

9. Examples of Request for Proposals (RFP) • Vodaphone Wireless Innovation Project (http://project.vodafone-us.com/) • Department of Transportation Small Business Innovation Research Phase I Solicitation FY-2012 (http://sbir.gov/solicitations/dtrt57-12-r-sbir1-0) • Arctic Research Opportunities (http://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5521&org=NSF)

18. from cartoonstock.com (ID: aban898)