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Ancient India

Ancient India. 6 th Grade Oxford Preparatory Academy. CA Social Studies Standards. 6.5 – Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious. And social structures of the early civilizations of India CHAPTER 6 6.5.1 - …major river systems

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Ancient India

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  1. Ancient India 6th Grade Oxford Preparatory Academy

  2. CA Social Studies Standards • 6.5 – Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious. And social structures of the early civilizations of India • CHAPTER 6 • 6.5.1 - …major river systems • 6.5.2 – Discuss the significance of the Aryan invasions • 6.5.4 – Outline the social structure of the caste system • CHAPTER 7 • 6.5.3 - … Brahmanism in India and how they evolved into early Hinduism • 6.5.7 - ..aesthetic and intellectual traditions

  3. Geography • Many natural barriers • Mountain ranges – Himalayas • Bodies of water – Indian Ocean, Arabian Sea, Bay of Bengal • Rivers – Indus river and Ganges River • Tropical climate • Monsoons were important weather patterns that dictated agriculture, travel, and trade.

  4. Indus Valley Civilization • Due to the geographic features, India’s first civilization developed • The people relied on the Indus River to sustain life • Learned to manage floods and planted their crops in rich soil after the flooding of the rivers • Developed sophisticated cities • Large mounds of earth in order to avoid the floods • Grid-like patterns, built form oven0fired brick • Sewage, plumbing, and drainage systems were developed • Efficient economy based on surplus of farming and trade

  5. Aryan Culture • Biggest influence on India – Social Class System aka Varna • Caste system: fixed social classes • Each person is born into their caste • Brought stability to India society because everyone had a place in society • Brought limitations to freedom because individuals could not develop talents, interests, or friendships based on their caste • A more complex caste system still effects Pakistan and India today

  6. Brahmanism • Vedas are India’s oldest religious texts • Vedic age religion is known as Brahmanism • Brahmanism was a religion ruled by priests and rituals • The highest ‘social class’ was known as Brahmins • Only Brahmins could perform rituals described in the Vedas • Impacted Hinduism

  7. Vedas text

  8. Hinduism • Began more than 2500 years ago in India and is the third largest religion in the world • Southeast Asia, South Africa, Great Britain, and United States • Hinduism does not have a single founder, a single set of beliefs, or a central religious organization • Recognizes a supreme god and creator, followers worship a large number of deities

  9. Hinduism • Hinduism is characterized by great acceptance and tolerance • Keys to success throughout its long history • Hinduism has impacted literature, philosophy, art, and architecture of the world

  10. 4 Goals of Life • Hindus believed that people are born wanted 4 basic things • Pleasure and Success • Dharma – moral life • Moksha – release from life • Reincarnation – rebirth

  11. 4 Goals of Life • Hindus believed that people are born wanted 4 basic things • Pleasure and Success • Dharma – moral life • Moksha – release from life • Reincarnation – rebirth • Law of Karma • How a person is reborn is determined by the law of karma • Hindus believed that bad karma will bring rebirth in a lower form of life

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