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Understanding Plant and Animal Tissues: Structure and Function

Explore the diverse world of plant and animal tissues, from meristematic tissue to epithelial tissue! Learn about their structure and functions, including support, conduction, and protection. Discover the different types of tissues and their roles in the plant and animal kingdoms.

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Understanding Plant and Animal Tissues: Structure and Function

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  1. Tissue an integrated group of cells with a common structure and function

  2. Plant tissues • Meristematic tissue: rapid cell division, lengthening of shoots and roots • Dermal tissue: covering for the plant body • Ground tissue: support, photosynthesis, and storage • Vascular tissue: conduction of water, food, and dissolved minerals; strengthens and supports the plant

  3. Apical meristem Region of cell differentiation/maturation • In shoot tips and root tips • Alliumcepa root tip Region of cell elongation Region of cell division Apical meristem Root cap

  4. Dermal Tissue • Single layer of cells called the epidermis in herbaceous plants • guard cells • trichomes • root hairs • Functions • absorption • secretion of cuticle • protection • control of gas exchange Epidermis Cuticle

  5. Ground Tissue

  6. Vascular Tissue • Xylem • Conducts water and dissolved minerals from the roots • Phloem • Conducts dissolved food materials, carbohydrates, in solution • Continuous throughout plant • Support plant body

  7. All 4 types of tissues are present in the root tip

  8. Young monocot stem Young dicot stem

  9. Four Types of Animal Tissues

  10. Epithelial Tissue(Covering) • Tightly-joined closely-packed cells • One side of exposed to air or internal fluid, other side attached to a basement membrane • Covers outside of the body; lines internal organs and cavities • Barrier against mechanical injury, invasive microorganisms, fluid loss • Provides surface for absorption, excretion and transport of molecules

  11. Types of Epithelial Tissue • Cell shape • Squamous • Cuboidal • Columnar • Number of cell layers • Simple • Pseudostratified • Stratified • RELATE STRUCTURE TO FUNCTION!

  12. Binding and support of other tissues • Large amount of extracellular matrix with fewer cells • ECM - network of fibers in liquid, jelly-like or solid matrix

  13. Muscle Tissue(Movement) • Composed of long cells called muscle fibers • Contraction  movement

  14. Nervous tissue(Control) • Senses stimuli and transmits nerve impulses • Single cell body with long extensions (axons and dendrites) Axon Dendrite Cell body

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