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Introduction to Nonverbal Communication

Introduction to Nonverbal Communication. Impact of nonverbal communication. Percent of meaning due to NV 2/3 estimate 93%? International diplomacy examples. Definition. Nonverbal communication refers to behaviors that form a socially shared coding system.

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Introduction to Nonverbal Communication

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  1. Introduction to Nonverbal Communication MIS 429/529

  2. Impact of nonverbal communication • Percent of meaning due to NV • 2/3 estimate • 93%? • International diplomacy examples MIS 429/529

  3. Definition • Nonverbal communication refers to behaviors that form a socially shared coding system. • used with regularity among members of a given social community, society, or culture • typically sent with intent • typically interpreted as intentional • have consensually recognized meanings MIS 429/529

  4. Reasons for importance of nonverbal communication • Nonverbal communication is ever-present. • Nonverbal elements present in virtually all forms of communication • Features in written communication A CMI Series

  5. Reasons for importance of nonverbal communication • Nonverbal communication is ever-present. • Nonverbal behaviors are multi-functional. • Part of virtually all communication functions • E.g., clarifying or qualifying verbal messages, expressing emotions, displaying power A CMI Series

  6. Reasons for importance of nonverbal communication • Nonverbal communication is ever-present. • Nonverbal behaviors are multi-functional. • Nonverbal behaviors may form a universal communication system. • e.g., smiling, pointing, caressing, threat stares A CMI Series

  7. We respond to gestures with an extreme alertness and, one might almost say, in accordance with an elaborate and secret code that is written nowhere, known to none and understood by all . —Edward Sapir A CMI Series

  8. Reasons for importance of nonverbal communication • Nonverbal communication is ever-present. • Nonverbal behaviors are multi-functional. • Nonverbal behaviors may form a universal communication system. • Nonverbal behaviors create misunderstanding as well as understanding. • e.g., photographer anecdote A CMI Series

  9. Reasons for importance of nonverbal communication • Nonverbal communication is ever-present. • Nonverbal behaviors are multi-functional. • Nonverbal behaviors may be universal. • Nonverbal behaviors create both understanding and misunderstanding. • Nonverbal communication has primacy. • first form of communication in the species • first means of communication in lifespan • first available signals in human encounters A CMI Series

  10. Reasons for importance of nonverbal communication • Nonverbal communication is ever-present. • Nonverbal behaviors are multi-functional. • Nonverbal behaviors may be universal. • Nonverbal behaviors create both understanding and misunderstanding. • Nonverbal communication has primacy. • phylogenetic • ontogenetic • Interactional • Nonverbal communication can express what verbal communication can’t or shouldn’t. A CMI Series

  11. Reasons for importance of nonverbal communication • Nonverbal communication is trusted. • Nonverbal believed over verbal when the two conflict A CMI Series

  12. Importance of nonverbal communication • Large percent of meaning due to NV • Nonverbal believed over verbal when two conflict A CMI Series

  13. Visual codes Kinesics Physical appearance The nonverbal codes A CMI Series

  14. Visual codes Kinesics Physical appearance Auditory code Vocalics The nonverbal codes A CMI Series

  15. Visual codes Kinesics Physical appearance Auditory code Vocalics Contact codes Proxemics Haptics The nonverbal codes A CMI Series

  16. Visual codes Kinesics Physical appearance Auditory code Vocalics Contact codes Proxemics Haptics Place and time codes Artifacts Chronemics The nonverbal codes A CMI Series

  17. Taking More of a Communication Perspective • Shifting emphases: • From individuals to dyads and interaction • From static view of behaviors to process, dynamics • From structure to function and process • To consider contexts and applications • To consider social and biological influences • To recognition of importance of communication skills MIS 429/529

  18. Alternative Approach: Organization by Functions Introduced by Burgoon & Saine (1978) in The Unspoken Dialogue Assumptions: the nature of the specific communication function determines the nonverbal behaviors to be observed every function has situational characteristics functions are dynamic and transcend single time frames a single nonverbal cue may serve multiple functions a single function may be accomplished through multiple nonverbal cues a single function typically requires the coordination of verbal and nonverbal behaviors MIS 429/529

  19. The Communication Functions Producing and Processing Messages Social Cognition and Forming Impressions Projecting Real and Desired Identities Identification Impression Management Expressing Emotions Communicating Relational States Affection and Intimacy   Power and Dominance Defining Situations Managing Conversations Influencing Others Credibility Influence strategies Deceiving others MIS 429/529

  20. Questions? MIS 429/529

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