1 / 42

The Human Eye

The Human Eye. The Human Eye. Refractive index of lens different for each wavelength (colour) Cool colours (blues) appear closer; warm colours (reds) further away Agree?. Most people see the red, Closer than the blue. Others see the opposite. How about you?. The Human Eye.

hyatt-sutton
Télécharger la présentation

The Human Eye

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Human Eye

  2. The Human Eye • Refractive index of lens different for each wavelength (colour) • Cool colours (blues) appear closer; warm colours (reds) further away • Agree?

  3. Most people see the red, Closer than the blue. Others see the opposite. How about you?

  4. The Human Eye • Your eyes are about to get a workout. Have you stretched your eye muscles yet? • No? Then do that now!

  5. Are you seeing spots?

  6. Look at the cross for 10 seconds. What do you see?

  7. Are these lines bent….?

  8. …or straight?

  9. What shapes do you see?

  10. Reading What is wrong withwith this sentence? Aoccdrnig to rscheearch at Cmabrigde Uinervtisy, it deosn't mttaer in waht oredr the ltteers in a wrod are, the olny iprmoetnt tihng is taht the frist and lsat ltteer be at the rghit pclae. The rset can be a toatl mses and you can sitll raed it wouthit a porbelm. Tihs is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the wrod as a wlohe.

  11. Do you see the rabbit or the duck?

  12. Read This Out Loud.

  13. Are You Sure? Read again.

  14. The Human Eye

  15. Structure & Function • IRIS • coloured part of eye • controls light entering • PUPIL • black hole in iris • where light enters

  16. Structure & Function • SCLERA • whites of the eye • supports eyeball • provides attachment for muscles • LENS • converging lens • allows us to see objects near and far

  17. Structure & Function • CORNEA • transparent bulge over pupil • focuses light (refracts) onto retina • RETINA • internal membrane • contain light-receptive cells (rods & cones) • converts light to electrical signal

  18. Blind Spot • On retina where optic nerve leads back into the brain • No rod or cone cells • Other eye compensates for this area • Try this test to prove you have a blind spot…

  19. Close left eye and approach screen while staring at the letters…watch the dot!

  20. Structure & Function OPTIC NERVE • Transmits electrical impulses from retina to the brain • Creates blind spot • Brain takes inverted image and flips it so we can see

  21. Structure & Function • RODS • 120 million cells • detect brightness (black & white) • for night vision • CONES • 6 million cells • detect colour (RGB) • GANGLION CELLS • Detect movement and patterns

  22. Normal Eye Focus “Blind spot”

  23. Video • YouTube “The Human Eye” and “How the Human Eye Works”

  24. Focusing Problems HYPEROPIA • Far-sightedness • Problem seeing close objects • Distance between lens and retina too small • Light focused behind retina • Corrected with converging lenses

  25. Far-Sighted (Hyperopia)

  26. Focusing Problems PRESBYOPIA • Form of far-sightedness • Harder for people to read as they age • Lens loses elasticity • Corrected by glasses with converging lenses

  27. Focusing Problems MYOPIA • Near-sightedness • Problem seeing objects far away • Distance between lens and retina too large • Light focused in front of retina • Correct with diverging lenses

  28. Near-Sighted (Myopia)

  29. Diseases of the Eye ASTIGMATISM • Eye cannot focus an object’s image on a single point on retina • Cornea is oval instead of spherical • Causes blurred vision • Some types can be corrected with lenses

  30. Diseases of the Eye GLAUCOMA • Group of diseases • Affects optic nerve - pressure • Loss of ganglion cells • Gradual loss of sight and eventual blindness • Check eyes regularly • Can be treated

  31. Diseases of the Eye CATARACTS • Clouding forms in lens due to denaturing of lens protein • Obstructs passage of light • Caused by age, chronic exposure to UV, or due to trauma • Removed by surgery

  32. Vision Correction CONTACT LENSES • Artificial lens placed over cornea • Same as glasses • Corrects for both near and far-sightedness • Also used for cosmetic purposes (eye colour, Hollywood)

  33. Vision Correction LASIK • “Laser Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis” • Refractive surgery using laser • Corrects near and far-sightedness and astigmatisms

More Related