1 / 11

I. Perilaku Konsumen dan Strategi Pemasaran

I. Perilaku Konsumen dan Strategi Pemasaran. What is consumer behavior ?. Is a study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they use to select, secure, use, and dispose of product, services, experience,

ilana
Télécharger la présentation

I. Perilaku Konsumen dan Strategi Pemasaran

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. I. PerilakuKonsumendanStrategiPemasaran What is consumer behavior ? • Is a study of individuals, groups, or organizations and the processes they • use to select, secure, use, and dispose of product, services, experience, • or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on • the consumer and society • Consumer behavior is a complex, multidimensional process • Consumer behavior theory provides the manager with the proper • questions to ask • Marketing practice designed to influence consumer behavior influences • the firm, the individual,and society • Understanding and properly interpreting consumer wants is a whole lot easier said than done. Every week our marketing researchers talk to more than 4,000 consumers to find out: • What they think of our products and those of our competitors • What they think of possible improvements in our products • How they use our products and our advertising • What they feel about their “roles” in the family and society • What their hopes and dreams are for themselves and their families • So, understanding– and therefore learning to anticipate– consumer behavior is our key to planning and managing in this ever-changin environment

  2. 1. Aplikasi Perilaku Konsumen • Marketing Strategy - Seluruh strategi dan taktik pemasaran didasarkan pada kepercayaan eksplisitdan implisit tentang perilaku konsumen. - Keputusan yg didasarkan pada “explicit assumptions and sound theory and research” lebih mungkin berhasil daripada keputusan yg didasarkan pd “implicit intuition”. Karenanya pengetahuan ttg perilaku konsumen bisa menjadi suatu keunggulan kompetitif yg penting, dan dapat mengeliminir keputusan yg keliru. • Regulatory Policy Regulasi yg efektif terhadap sebagian besar praktek pemasaran memerlukan pengetahuan yg luas mengenai perilaku konsumen. Regulasi diperlukan untuk melindungi baik konsumen maupun produsen dari praktek-praktek pemasaran yg tidak fair. • Social Marketing Adalah aplikasi strategi dan taktik pemasaran untuk memilih dan menciptakan perilaku yg mempunyai efek positif thd individu yg dijadikan target atau masyarakat secara keseluruhan. • Informed Individuals - Individu didalam masy. Yg secara ekonomi sudah maju, dianggap sbg “consumption society” , yg menghabiskan lebih banyak waktunya u/ kegiatan konsumsi dp kegiatan lainnya. Karenanya pengetahuan ttg perilaku konsumen (sound citisenship, purchasing behavior, and reasonal business ethics) dapat meningkatkan pemahaman thd lingkungan kita dan diri kita. - Ribuan perusahaan menghabiskan begitu banyak uang untuk mempengaruhi konsumen (you, your family and your friends) melalui: advertising, packages, product features, sales pitches, and store environments.

  3. 2. StrategiPemasarandanPerilakuKonsumen Customer value ? Is the difference between all the benefits derived from total product and all the costs of acquiring those benefits • Untuk survive didlm lingkungan yg kompetitif, perusahaan harus mampu memberikan ‘superior customer value’ kepada pelanggan • Customer value harus dipahami dari perspektif pelanggan • Untuk memberikan superior customer value, menuntut perusahaan • bertinda lebih baik untuk mengantisipasi dan bereaksi terhadap • kebutuhan pelanggan dari yg dilakukan oleh kompetitor. • Reaksi pelanggan thd strategi pemasaran tsb (seek to provide superior • customer value), akan menentukan keberhasilan perusahaan. • Strategi pemasaran diformulasikan kedalam bauran pemasaran • (mencakup: determining product features, price, communications, • distribution, and service that will provide customers with superior value)

  4. 2. Strategi Pemasaran dan Perilaku Konsumen Outcomes: * Individual * Firm * Society • Consumer decision process: • Problem recognition • Information search • Alternative evaluation • Purchase • Use • Evaluation Marketing Strategy: Product, price, place, promotion, service Market Analysis: Company Competitors Conditions consumers • Market Segmentation: • Identify product-related need sets • Group customers with similar need sets • Describe each group • Select attractive segment(s) to target Figure: Marketing Strategy and Consumer Behavior

  5. 3. Komponen Analisis Pasar Analisis pasar memerlukan pemahaman menyeluruh ttg: the organization’s own capabilities, the capabilities of current and future competitiors, the consumption process of potentials customers, and the economic, physical, and technological environment, dimana masing-masing elemen tsb berinteraksi. • The Consumers - Adalah tidak mungkin dapat bereaksi dan mengantisipasi kebutuhan dan keinginan pelanggan tanpa pemahaman yang menyeluruh perilakukonsumen. - Menemukan apa yg dibituhkan pelanggan saat ini adalah sebuah proses yang kompleks, tetapi hal tersebut dapat diatasi dg melakukan marketing research. - The key is: Understanding the Behavioral Principles that guide consumption behaviors Understanding the consumers

  6. 3. Komponen Analisis Pasar The Company Perusahaan harus paham sepenuhnya ttg kemampuannya u/ memenuhi kebutuhan pelanggan, yg melibatkan semua aspek perusahaan: - financial condition, - general managerial skils, - production capabilities, - research and development capabilities, - technological sophistication, - reputation , and - marketing skills, include: * new product development capabilities, * channel strength, * advertising abilities, * service capabilities, * marketing research abilities, * market and consumer knowledge.

  7. 3. Komponen Analisis Pasar The Competitors Perusahaan harus memahami ‘the competition’s capabilities and strategies’. Untuk setiap tidakan pemasaran, ada beberapa pertanyaan yg harus dijawab: • If we are successful, which firms will be hurt (lose sales or sales opp?) • Of those firms that are injured, which have the capability (financial resources, marketing strengths) to respond? • How are they likely to respond (reduce price, increase advertising, introduce a new product)? • Is our strategy (planned action) robust enough to withhands the likely actions of our competitors, or do we additional contingency plans?

  8. 3. Komponen Analisis Pasar The Conditions • Kondisi ekonomi, lingkungan fisik, peraturan • pemerintah, dan pengembangan teknologi • mempengaruhi kebutuhan dan harapan • konsumen, • Berbagai persetujuan ttg free trade secara • luas telah mengurangi international trade • barriers dan meningkatkan ‘the level of • competition and consumer expectation for • many products • So, sebuah perusahaantidak akan mampu • membuat strategi pemasarannya bekerja • dg baik tanpa melakukan antisipasi • terhadap kondisi dimana strategi tersebut • diimplementasikan

  9. 4. Keputusan Konsumen Decision-Process Approach • Perilakukonsumenakanmenentukanprosespengambilankeputusandalampembeliankonsumen • Prosesmerupakanpendekatansolusimasalahpadakegiatanmanusia u/ membelisuatuprodukgunamemuaskankebutuhandankeinginannya. • Prosesdalamperilakukonsumenmerupakandisiplinterapan. • Pendekatanprosesdalamanalisisperilakukonsumendibutuhkanprusahaan u/ menginterpretasikanpermintaankonsumen. • Pendekatanproses (decision-process approach),memberikangambaransecarakhususttgalasankonsumenberperilakuttt, dibagidalam 2 halpokok: 1. Merumuskanvariabel-variabelstruktural yang mempengaruhi perilakukonsumen, baikeksternmaupun intern 2. Menunjukkanhubunganantarvariabel-variabeltersebut

  10. 4. Keputusan Konsumen Decision-Process Approach • Perilaku konsumen akan menentukan proses pengambilan keputusan dalam pembelian konsumen • Proses merupakan pendekatan solusi masalah pada kegiatan manusia u/ membeli suatu produk guna memuaskan kebutuhan dan keinginannya. • Proses dalam perilaku konsumen merupakan disiplin terapan. • Pendekatan proses dalam analisis perilaku konsumen dibutuhkan prusahaan u/ menginterpretasikan permintaan konsumen. • Pendekatan proses (decision-process approach), memberikan gambaran secara khusus ttg alasan konsumen berperilaku ttt, dibagi dalam 2 hal pokok: 1. Merumuskan variabel-variabel struktural yang mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen, baik ekstern maupun intern 2. Menunjukkan hubungan antar variabel-variabel tersebut Variabel Perilaku Konsumen: 1. Faktor- faktor eksternal yang mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen 2. Faktor-faktor internal yang menentukan perilaku 3. Proses pengambilan keputusan konsumen

  11. 5. The Nature of Consumer Behavior Figure: Overall Model of Consumer Behavior External Influences Experience and acquisitions Culture Subculture Demographic Social Status Reference Groups Family Marketing Activities Decision Process Situations Problem Recognition The totality of an individual’s thoughts and feelings about him/herself Information Search Self-concept and Lifestyle Needs Alternative Evaluation and Selection Desired Internal Influences • How one lives: • the product one buys • how one uses them • what one thinks and feel • about them Outlet Selection And purchase Perception Learning Memory Motives Personality Emotions Attitude Postpurchase processes Experiences and Acquisitions

More Related