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25:1 Mobilizing for Defense “ Remember Pearl Harbor”

25:1 Mobilizing for Defense “ Remember Pearl Harbor”. Selective Service GI. 5 million volunteered after Pearl Harbor 10 million were drafted GIs. Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps WAAC 1942. George Marshall Noncombat positions “auxiliary status” allowed for fewer benefits

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25:1 Mobilizing for Defense “ Remember Pearl Harbor”

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  1. 25:1 Mobilizing for Defense“Remember Pearl Harbor”

  2. Selective Service GI • 5 million volunteered after Pearl Harbor • 10 million were drafted • GIs

  3. Women’s Auxiliary Army CorpsWAAC 1942 • George Marshall • Noncombat positions • “auxiliary status” allowed for fewer benefits • 1943-full salary and benefits

  4. Minority Service • Dilemma • Mexican-high casualty rate • African-segregated, noncombat • Asian-spies • Native Americans

  5. Factory production • Peace to wartime production • Shipyards and liberty ships

  6. Hull 440 • 4 days • fabrication

  7. Labor and Industrial Needs • 18 million working • 6 million women • Cheaper 60% • 2 million minorities

  8. A. Philip Randolph’sMarch on Washington • Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters • Protest discrimination in industry and military • FDR executive order • March cancelled

  9. Office of Scientific Research and DevelopmentOSRD • Radar, sonar • DDT • Penicillin • Atomic bomb

  10. Manhattan Project • Atomic Bomb • Robert J. Oppenheimer • Albert Einstein

  11. Office of Price AdministrationOPA • Fought inflation by freezing prices • Raised income taxes to help with inflation • War bonds

  12. Wartime Conservation • Carpooling • Ride bikes • Recycling drives • Rationing: meat, sugar, coffee, gas

  13. War Productions BoardWPB • Regulated peace to war production • Raw materials • recycling

  14. Rationing • Ration books/coupons

  15. 25:2 War for Europe and North Africa “Now that we are, as you say, ‘in the same boat’, would it not be wise for us to have another conference…and the sooner the better.” “It is fun to be in the same decade with you”

  16. Battle of the Atlantic • Wolf packs patrol Atlantic • Prevent food/war materials from reaching GB and USSR

  17. Convoy system • Convoy System • Radar/sonar • Sank U-Boats faster than Germany could build

  18. Liberty Ships • Single design cargo ships • 1 of 2 surviving from WWII • 1943-cranking out 140/month

  19. June 1941, Hitler invades Soviet union

  20. Problem with Invasion

  21. Bombing of Stalingrad • Nightly bombings • “No surrender” • Civilians • Hand to hand combat • Here comes 1942 winter

  22. Soviets counter attack at Stalingrad • Winter!! • Stalin encircles Hitler’s 6th • Turning point • casualties

  23. Operation Torch 1942 • North Africa • Dwight Eisenhower • Edwin Rommel-Desert Fox • Hitler’s AfrikaKorps

  24. Casablanca • FDR/Churchill • Unconditional surrender • Churchill- Attack “soft underbelly of Europe”

  25. Italian Campaign 1943 • Partisan support • Military build up in GB • Mussolini imprisoned

  26. 1943 Fall of Sicily • Mussolini imprisoned • Hitler busted him out and returned him to power

  27. 1943 Bloody Anzio • Rome • 4 months • 25,000 allies • 30,000 axis

  28. Mussolini’s demise

  29. Tuskegee Airmen • All black 99th pursuit squadron • Two distinguished unit citation

  30. D-Day • Operation Overlord • June 6, 1944

  31. Deception Campaign

  32.  "I'll see you in the Pas De Calais, Gavin!"

  33. Rommel’s Atlantic Wall • German fortifications along French coast • Deception campaign

  34. Normandy Invasion • Largest air, land, sea operation in history • U.S. Casualties: 1465 dead, 3184 wounded, 1928 missing and 26 captured.

  35. General George Patton • “Dear Ike, today I spat in the Seine” • U.S. 3rd Army liberates Paris 1944

  36. Battle of the Bulge • Goal of Germany • Last major German Offensive • 1 month to reclaim territory • casualties

  37. Fall of Berlin April-May 1945 • Extremely violent • Soviets 82,000 v. German 456,000 • Germans want to surrender to GB and US • Soviets Liberate death camps

  38. Hitler’s Suicide • Eva Braun

  39. VE Day • May 8, 1945 • Ike accepts the Unconditional Surrender of the Third Reich

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