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Natural products: fats and oils

Natural products: fats and oils. Intermediate 2 Chemistry Unit 2(e). Key questions. What is the difference between a fat and an oil? What causes this difference?. Classifying fats and oils. According to their origin Animal e.g. lard Vegetable e.g. sunflower oil

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Natural products: fats and oils

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  1. Natural products: fats and oils Intermediate 2 Chemistry Unit 2(e)

  2. Key questions • What is the difference between a fat and an oil? • What causes this difference?

  3. Classifying fats and oils • According to their origin • Animal e.g. lard • Vegetable e.g. sunflower oil • Marine e.g. cod liver oil

  4. Function in the human body • Provide energy • A more concentrated energy source than the same mass of carbohydrate

  5. What are fats and oils? • Esters • Their parent alcohol is glycerol • The alkanoic acids are fatty acids

  6. Glycerol

  7. Fatty acids

  8. Key questions • Can you give an example of a situation when fats or oils are broken down? • What type of reaction is involved? • In what ratio will the products be produced?

  9. Difference between fats and oils • Fats are solid at room temperature; oils are liquids. • Fats have higher melting points than oils.

  10. Structure of fats • Saturated molecules • Regular structure • Tight packing • Stronger forces between molecules

  11. Structure of oils • Unsaturated molecules • Irregular structure • Loose packing • Weaker forces between molecules

  12. Converting oils into fats • What would need to be done to convert an oil into a fat? • C=C is removed through an addition reaction with hydrogen

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