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Understanding the Endocrine System: Functions and Hormone Regulation

Explore the functions of the endocrine system, including growth regulation, reproduction, and metabolic rate control. Understand how hormones work, their chemistry, and how they regulate secretions through hormonal, humoral, and neural pathways.

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Understanding the Endocrine System: Functions and Hormone Regulation

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 9 The Endocrine System

  2. The Endocrine System • Functions • regulate growth • regulate reproduction • utilization of nutrients • salt and fluid balance • regulation of metabolic rate • adaptation to stress • Control w/ Hormone • chemical messengers • responses may last • target tissues can be specific • entire body can be target • many have multiple effects

  3. Structure that Secrete Hormones • Endocrine Gland • “ductless” • hormones • pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenals, pineal, thymus • organs • pancreas & gonads • Other Tissue & Organs • wall of digestion organs • placenta & kidneys

  4. Chemistry of Hormones • Steroid Hormone • derived from cholesterol • sex glands & adrenal cortex • Amino Acid Base • simplest hormones • many types (I.e. epinephrine) • Prostaglandins • from fatty acids

  5. How Hormones Work • Receptors in the target cells • hormones chemically bond w/ receptors • Mechanisms • alter activity of cells • change permeability • synthesize proteins • activate/deactivate enzymes • stimulate mitosis • Onset & Duration • <1 min ---> 30 minutes

  6. Hormone Regulation of Secretion • Hormonal • Humoral • blood levels • Neural

  7. Gigantism

  8. Goiter Graves Disease

  9. Cushings Disease

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