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Pneumatic Actuators

Pneumatic Actuators. Thomas Shupe ECE 5320 Mechatronics Assignment #1. Outline. References To explore further What are pneumatic actuators? Different types of actuators Major applications Working principles Major specifications Limitations Cost. References.

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Pneumatic Actuators

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  1. Pneumatic Actuators Thomas Shupe ECE 5320 Mechatronics Assignment #1

  2. Outline • References • To explore further • What are pneumatic actuators? • Different types of actuators • Major applications • Working principles • Major specifications • Limitations • Cost

  3. References • Pneumatic Actuators “Linear and Rotary” – WHITE PAPER by Jimmy Simpson (CFPS, CFPMM, CFPAI), Sr. Advisor for U.S. Car Projects http://www.ifps.org/Education/WhitePapers/PneumaticCylinders.htm • http://www.gutenberg.org/files/15617/15617-h/images/pic_p161.jpg • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatic_actuator • http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pneumatic

  4. To Explore Further • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pneumatic_artificial_muscles • http://www.personal.psu.edu/mjl145/lesson_plan.htm

  5. What are Pneumatic Actuators? • Dictionary.Com gives the following definition of pneumatic: operated by air or by the pressure or exhaustion of air http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pneumatic • A pnuematic actuator is a transducer that converts energy (typically from compressed air) into motion

  6. Types of Pneumatic Actuators? • Tie Rod Cylinders (linear actuators) • Rotary Actuators (air motors) • Grippers • Pneumatic Control Valve

  7. Tie Rod Cylinders www.control-line.com/cylinders.asp • Provides linear motion from compressed air • Single or Double Action

  8. Rotary Actuator (air motor) • 4 Types: • Rotary Vane • Gear • Turbine • Piston www.tdi-turbotwin.com

  9. Pneumatic Gripper • Involves linear or angular motion • Often used to “pick and place” objects • Generally has fully open and fully closed settings and does not have control to go to intermediate positions www.eu-nited-robotics.net/node/152

  10. Pneumatic Control Valve Uses air pressure to open and close the valve. Used in conjunction with a electronic controller :// http www.engineersedge.com/hydraulic/pneumatic_actuator.htm

  11. Linear Actuator Application Early air compressor/Jack hammer Related to the tie-rod cylinder http://www.gutenberg.org/files/15617/15617-h/images/pic_p161.jpg

  12. Tie Rod Cylinder Application These two cylinders give this labeling machine a quick way to apply the labels

  13. Rotary Actuator Application • Rotary actuator used in machine applications • Also used as power tools http://www.powertoolsuk.co.uk/webcat/pics/draper/79566.jpg

  14. Pneumatic Gripper Applications Used in robotic applications http://www.strobotics.com/r17.htm

  15. Pneumatic Control Valve Applicatoins • Used to control fluid flow • Can precisely control flow or can provide on/off type of control :// http www.engineersedge.com/hydraulic/pneumatic_actuator.htm

  16. Working Principles(Linear Pneumatic Actuators) • Convert pneumatic energy into mechanical energy to produce work • There is a hollow cylinder with a piston inside. • Air “pushes” the piston causing motion in the cylinder, the piston is connected to an external rod that provides a means to use the motion. • The actuator can be either single or double action; either a spring etc. returns the actuator or air will return it via multiple ports. http://www.ifps.org/Education/WhitePapers/PneumaticCylinders.htm

  17. Working Principles(Linear Pneumatic Actuators) http://www.ifps.org/Education/WhitePapers/PneumaticCylinders.htm

  18. Working Principles(Rotary Pneumatic Actuators) • Rotary actuators are used to convert potential pneumatic energy into mechanical energy. • Rotary actuators produce torque • Commonly called air motors • In most cases rotary actuators are not chosen for their efficiencies, but for their power, speed and torque.

  19. Working Principles(Rotary Pneumatic Actuators) http://www.ifps.org/Education/WhitePapers/PneumaticCylinders.htm

  20. Working Principles (Grippers) • Converts potential pneumatic energy into mechanical energy • Creates either linear or angular motion of gripper “fingers” • Forces are proportional to pressure and area.

  21. Working Principles (Control Valve) Operates by a combination of force from the air and an opposing spring force. The actuator positions the control valve by transmitting its motion through the stem

  22. Major Specifications • Required Air Flow Rate • Max Pressure/Required Pressure • Capable Force • Capable Torque • Max RPM • Linear Velocity

  23. Limitations • Compressibility of air makes movement and positioning imprecise • Not capable of heavy work (250psi vs. 10,000 psi) • Maintenance crews rarely fix an air leak http://www.personal.psu.edu/mjl145/lesson_plan.htm

  24. Cost of Pneumatic Actuators • Pneumatic actuators range from as low as $15 on up to tens of thousands of dollars depending on quality, size, application etc.

  25. Where to Buy • http://compact4.rtrk.com • http://www.bimba.com/products/ • http://www.festo.com

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