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Joints of the Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System. Chapter 8 p. 260 – p. 283. Joints. Also known as articulations Join bones together Allow movement. Classification of Joints. Type of Tissue: Fibrous Cartilaginous Synovial Movement: Synarthrotic (immovable) Amphiarthrotic (slightly movable)

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Joints of the Skeletal System

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  1. Joints of the Skeletal System Chapter 8 p. 260 – p. 283

  2. Joints • Also known as articulations • Join bones together • Allow movement

  3. Classification of Joints • Type of Tissue: • Fibrous • Cartilaginous • Synovial • Movement: • Synarthrotic (immovable) • Amphiarthrotic (slightly movable) • Diarthrotic (freely movable)

  4. Fibrous Joints • Syndesmosis • Sheet of connective tissue • Amphiarthrotic • Suture • Dense connective tissue between flat bones • Synarthrotic • Gomphosis • Cone shaped bony process in a bony socket • Teeth • Synarthrotic

  5. Cartilaginous Joints • Synchondrosis • Hyaline cartilage • Usually temporary (long bone growth plates) • synarthrotic • Symphysis • Intervertebral discs, pelvis (between pubis bones) • Amphiarthrotic

  6. Synovial Joints • Most joints • Diarthrotic • Made of: • Articular cartilage • Joint capsule • Synovial membrane (secretes synovial fluid)

  7. Additions to Some Synovial Joints • Meniscus (menisci) • Disc of fibrocartilage within the joint • Bursae • Fluid filled sacs between the skin and a bone • Filled with synovial fluid

  8. Types of Synovial Joints • Ball and socket (spheroidal) • Condylar (ellipsoidal) • Plane (gliding) • Hinge • Pivot (trichoid) • Saddle (sellar)

  9. Ball and socket (spheroidal) • Wide range of motion • Movement in all planes • Shoulder and hip joints

  10. Condylar (ellipsoidal) Plane (gliding) Sliding, twisting movement Wrist and ankle bones • Movement in different planes • NO rotational movement • Between metacarpals and phalanges

  11. Hinge • Movement in one plane • Elbow and knee

  12. Pivot (trichoid) • Rotation around a central axis only • Atlas / Axis movement

  13. Saddle (sellar) • Articulated joints have convex and concave portions • Movement in 2 planes • Carpal and metacarpal of the thumb

  14. Types of joint movement • Flexion • Extension • Hyperextension • Abduction • Adduction • Rotation

  15. What connects these bones? • Bone to bone connection – ligaments • Bone to muscle connection – tendons

  16. Knee joint ligaments

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