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Ancient Greece

1750 B.C. – 133 B.C. Section 5 : Alexander the Great Cory may. Ancient Greece. Alexander’s Empire. Philip’s Empire (359-336 B.C.). Philip’s Empire (359-336 B.C.). Two Goals for Greece: Unify & Bring Peace to Greece Liberate Greek city-states in Persia Realized the Army was Important

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Ancient Greece

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  1. 1750 B.C. – 133 B.C. Section 5: Alexander the Great Cory may Ancient Greece

  2. Alexander’s Empire

  3. Philip’s Empire (359-336 B.C.)

  4. Philip’s Empire (359-336 B.C.) • Two Goals for Greece: • Unify & Bring Peace to Greece • Liberate Greek city-states in Persia • Realized the Army was Important • Small, Professional Force • Used the Phalanx • How/Why might Philip’s success lead to success for Alexander?

  5. The Macedonian Phalanx

  6. The Reign of Alexander

  7. The Reign of Alexander • Military Campaigns • 334 – Defeat Persians at Granicus – 1st major win • 333 – Victory at Issus • Conquers Egypt • 331 – Defeats Darius III at Gaugamela • Campaigns into North/Central Asia • Campaigns in India – troops mutiny • 323 – Alexander dies @ Babylon (33)

  8. The Reign of Alexander • Policies • Policy of Despotism • Ruled w/a Velvet Glove • Ruled through local structures, respected religions • Why might this policy help Alexander? • Could be ruthless – Thebes & Tyre • Do you see any similarities between Alexander and his father, Philip?

  9. The Empire Breaks

  10. The Empire Breaks • Egypt – Ptolemy rules w/ Macedonian & Greek elites until Roman conquest • Seleucid Empire – centered on Babylon • Iran, Syria, Afghanistan, Anatolia • Fragments by 200 B.C. – centered around Syria

  11. The Legacy of Alexander’s Empire • Spread Greek language & culture • Building of roads, canals, & cities • Alexandria • Facilitation of Trade in all directions • A Hellenistic Ecumene • A Division: Urban v. Rural

  12. Empire Building: What Difference Does it Make? • Empires • Mesopotamians & Greeks – City-States • Egyptians & Persians – Consolidated Nations • Macedonians – Exploitations w/ Skilled Father & Son • Traits - What traits/qualities/goods did these empires bring to the table? • Limitations • Aristotle – “To the Size of States there is a Limit.”

  13. Questions to Answer • What were Philip’s two main goals when he set out to conquer Greece & the rest of the Balkans? How did he achieve these goals (or did he)? • How did Alexander accomplish his father’s goals? How did he expand from/off of them? • What is the lasting impact of Empires (Greece, Macedonia, Egypt, Persia, Mesopotamia)?

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