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Understanding Electromagnetic Radiation and Light Behavior in Physics

This document delves into the principles of electromagnetic radiation, focusing on the speed of light at 3.0 x 10^8 m/s. It explores the relationship between energy and frequency, blackbody radiation as defined by Max Planck, and the laws of reflection and refraction. Key phenomena such as virtual and real images, light bending in different mediums, and the formation of rainbows are discussed, along with the photoelectric effect, which illustrates light as both a wave and a particle. Various figures and boxes summarize essential concepts for clarity.

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Understanding Electromagnetic Radiation and Light Behavior in Physics

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  1. co Light Chapter 7

  2. Fig. 7.3 Electromagnetic radiation Speed of light = 3.0 x 108 m/s Low energy → low frequency High frequency → High energy

  3. Fig. 7.4 Blackbody radiation According to Max Planck, the energy of vibrating molecules exists only in multiples of certain fixed amounts

  4. Fig. 7.11 The law of reflection

  5. Fig. 7.12 A mirror produces a virtual image A virtual image cannot be projected onto a screen A real image can be projected

  6. Fig. 7.13 Refraction (bending) of a light ray.

  7. Fig. 7.14 Direction of refraction (bending) of light

  8. Fig. 7.16 Formation of a mirage by bending of light Light travels faster in warmer air Our brains interpret the refracted light as reflected light

  9. Fig. 7.17 Roses are red because they reflect red light

  10. Box Fig. 7.1 Two types of lenses Converging lens Diverging lens

  11. Box Fig. 7.3 The human eye

  12. Box Fig. 7.4 accomodation

  13. Box Fig. 7.7 How a rainbow is formed White light is refracted with blue being refracted more than red is refracted ROYGIBIV

  14. Fig. 7.18 Young’s double-slit experiment Interference pattern

  15. Fig. 7.19 Polarization of light Consider light to be transverse waves

  16. Fig. 7.20 Two ways to position two polaraizers

  17. Fig. 7.21 Reflected light may be polarized

  18. Fig. 7.22 The photoelectric effect photons Light intensity has no effect on the energy of the ejected electrons Explanation by Einstein: Light must strike metal as small particles (quanta) Ephoton = hf h = Planck’s constant = 6.63 x 10-34 J

  19. Fig. 7.23 Light is both a wave and a particle

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