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Understanding the Temporal Bone and Sinuses for Medical Imaging

Explore the anatomy of the temporal bone, ear structures, ossicles, paranasal sinuses, and imaging techniques in medical radiography. Learn about the intricate details of the mastoids, auditory ossicles, and sinus communication for accurate diagnosis.

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Understanding the Temporal Bone and Sinuses for Medical Imaging

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  1. Chapter 12/13 Temporal Bone Paranasal Sinuses

  2. Petrous Pyramids • Dense portion on temporal bone • Houses • ______________ • ______________

  3. The Ear • 3 Portions • __________ • __________ • __________

  4. External Ear • ____________ • Tragus • EAM

  5. Middle Ear • 3 parts • ______________(ear drum) • Tympanic cavity • Auditory ____________

  6. Tympanic Cavity • Contains Auditory Ossicles • ___________________(Attic) • Superior aspect • ________________proper • Larger • Inferior aspect • ________________ • Passage from middle ear to nasopharynx • Equalizes pressure

  7. Ossicle Articulations • ________________ • Attached to tympanic membrane • Receives vibrations and relates to • _______________ • Transmits vibrations from Malleus and passes on to • _______________ • Smallest • Transmits vibrations to oval window

  8. Internal Ear • Area of hearing and equilibrium • Contains 2 parts • ______________Labyrinth • ______________ Labyrinth • Area within the osseous labyrinth

  9. Osseous Labyrinth • 3 parts • ______________ • For hearing • Round window • ____________ • Oval window • _____________ • For equilibrium

  10. Internal Acoustic Meatus • Area of ______________-nerves • ____________best to visualize

  11. Mastoids • Inferior portion of Temporal bone • _____________ • Connects to middle ear from ________ by way of the __________ • Due to this direct connection _______ can reach mastoid air cells.

  12. Sinuses • Air filled _____________ • Lined with mucus membranes • Surrounding the ______________ • All communicate with each other by way of nasal cavity

  13. Osteomeatal Complex • Area where ___________ is collected • Made of • _________- Nasal Conchae (Turbinates) • _________ – Spaces between conchae • From the ____________complex to the nasal cavities

  14. Sinuses Con’t • Maxillary (2) • Frontal (usually 2) • Ethmoid (Many) • Sphenoid (1 or 2)

  15. Maxillary Sinus“Antrum of Highmore” • ____________ • Located in the body of ____________ • Lateral to Nasal cavity • Communicates to osteomeatal complex by way of ______________ into middle nasal meatus (Separated by ____________of ethmoid)

  16. Frontal Sinus • Located between inner and outer table of skull in frontal bone • Posterior to ___________ • Can have 2 (most common) or 1 large sinus • Irregular shaped • Communicate to osteomeatal complex by Ethmoid sinus through _______________

  17. Ethmoid Sinus • Located within the ethmoid bone lateral masses • Many ________________ • Anterior, middle, posterior collections • Communicates with the osteomeatal complex directly by way of anterior collections and drains into ____________

  18. Sphenoid Sinus • Located in the body of the sphenoid bone • ______________ • Can have 2 or 1 sinus • Communicates to the osteomeatal complex by way of the _______________

  19. Imaging the sinuses Routine ________________________ • Waters (Parietoacanthial) • PA Caldwell • Right or Left Lateral • SMV • 40” SID • 70-80 kVp

  20. Waters • Tip of chin on IR Nose _____________ • MML Line perpendicular • OML forms 37° • Mid sagittal line perpendicular • CR to exit ________________ • Open mouth can show • _____________

  21. PA Caldwell • PA Projection, Upright • OML ________________ • ___________and OML Perpendicular • Mid sagittal plane perpendicular • CR to ________________

  22. Lateral • Right or left site dependant of area of interest or department protocol. Upright • Place pt into anterior oblique • Interpupillary line perpendicular to IR • ___________to front of cassette • CR to enter between __________________

  23. SMV • Upright • Tilt head back so _____________to IR • Mid sagittal perpendicular • CR to enter between _________________

  24. CT Invasion • Thin _______________ • Better visualization of _________complex

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