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Chapter 12/13

Chapter 12/13. Temporal Bone Paranasal Sinuses. Petrous Pyramids. Dense portion on temporal bone Houses ______________ ______________. The Ear. 3 Portions __________ __________ __________. External Ear. ____________ Tragus EAM. Middle Ear. 3 parts ______________(ear drum)

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Chapter 12/13

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  1. Chapter 12/13 Temporal Bone Paranasal Sinuses

  2. Petrous Pyramids • Dense portion on temporal bone • Houses • ______________ • ______________

  3. The Ear • 3 Portions • __________ • __________ • __________

  4. External Ear • ____________ • Tragus • EAM

  5. Middle Ear • 3 parts • ______________(ear drum) • Tympanic cavity • Auditory ____________

  6. Tympanic Cavity • Contains Auditory Ossicles • ___________________(Attic) • Superior aspect • ________________proper • Larger • Inferior aspect • ________________ • Passage from middle ear to nasopharynx • Equalizes pressure

  7. Ossicle Articulations • ________________ • Attached to tympanic membrane • Receives vibrations and relates to • _______________ • Transmits vibrations from Malleus and passes on to • _______________ • Smallest • Transmits vibrations to oval window

  8. Internal Ear • Area of hearing and equilibrium • Contains 2 parts • ______________Labyrinth • ______________ Labyrinth • Area within the osseous labyrinth

  9. Osseous Labyrinth • 3 parts • ______________ • For hearing • Round window • ____________ • Oval window • _____________ • For equilibrium

  10. Internal Acoustic Meatus • Area of ______________-nerves • ____________best to visualize

  11. Mastoids • Inferior portion of Temporal bone • _____________ • Connects to middle ear from ________ by way of the __________ • Due to this direct connection _______ can reach mastoid air cells.

  12. Sinuses • Air filled _____________ • Lined with mucus membranes • Surrounding the ______________ • All communicate with each other by way of nasal cavity

  13. Osteomeatal Complex • Area where ___________ is collected • Made of • _________- Nasal Conchae (Turbinates) • _________ – Spaces between conchae • From the ____________complex to the nasal cavities

  14. Sinuses Con’t • Maxillary (2) • Frontal (usually 2) • Ethmoid (Many) • Sphenoid (1 or 2)

  15. Maxillary Sinus“Antrum of Highmore” • ____________ • Located in the body of ____________ • Lateral to Nasal cavity • Communicates to osteomeatal complex by way of ______________ into middle nasal meatus (Separated by ____________of ethmoid)

  16. Frontal Sinus • Located between inner and outer table of skull in frontal bone • Posterior to ___________ • Can have 2 (most common) or 1 large sinus • Irregular shaped • Communicate to osteomeatal complex by Ethmoid sinus through _______________

  17. Ethmoid Sinus • Located within the ethmoid bone lateral masses • Many ________________ • Anterior, middle, posterior collections • Communicates with the osteomeatal complex directly by way of anterior collections and drains into ____________

  18. Sphenoid Sinus • Located in the body of the sphenoid bone • ______________ • Can have 2 or 1 sinus • Communicates to the osteomeatal complex by way of the _______________

  19. Imaging the sinuses Routine ________________________ • Waters (Parietoacanthial) • PA Caldwell • Right or Left Lateral • SMV • 40” SID • 70-80 kVp

  20. Waters • Tip of chin on IR Nose _____________ • MML Line perpendicular • OML forms 37° • Mid sagittal line perpendicular • CR to exit ________________ • Open mouth can show • _____________

  21. PA Caldwell • PA Projection, Upright • OML ________________ • ___________and OML Perpendicular • Mid sagittal plane perpendicular • CR to ________________

  22. Lateral • Right or left site dependant of area of interest or department protocol. Upright • Place pt into anterior oblique • Interpupillary line perpendicular to IR • ___________to front of cassette • CR to enter between __________________

  23. SMV • Upright • Tilt head back so _____________to IR • Mid sagittal perpendicular • CR to enter between _________________

  24. CT Invasion • Thin _______________ • Better visualization of _________complex

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