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South Asia

South Asia. Land Program Issues. South Asia – Some Salient Features. Intensity of land use Commonality of systems and issues Mughal and British legacies Limited World Bank operational role thus far. Key Land Issues. Land access Security of tenure Indigenous peoples

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South Asia

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  1. South Asia Land Program Issues

  2. South Asia – Some Salient Features • Intensity of land use • Commonality of systems and issues • Mughal and British legacies • Limited World Bank operational role thus far

  3. Key Land Issues • Land access • Security of tenure • Indigenous peoples • Forestry and state land management • Land acquisition • Peri-urban development

  4. 60 Years of Land Reform • Abolition of intermediaries • Ownership ceilings • Tenancy control • Distribution of Government land

  5. Land Administration Characteristics • Deeds based systems • 3 agency model (deeds registry, land records, survey & settlement) • Lack of efficient communication/interaction • Informal and unrecorded transactions • Spatial data weaknesses

  6. India’s Land Admin. Program • Computerization of land records • after slow start, reasonable progress since 2001 • but, quality of verification/validation unclear • Computerization of deeds registry • Cadastral maps and parcel surveys • digitization of existing paper data • little new cadastral mapping

  7. India Land Records Computerization

  8. India’s Pending Land Admin. Program • Link deeds registry with land records • Link both of the above with spatial data • How to upgrade quality of spatial data? • Place data on line • Eventual goal – conclusive title

  9. Land Policy Discussion • Enforcing existing legislation • Protecting against alienation of SC/ST land • Liberalization of land leasing • Land acquisition procedures • Converting tenancy to freehold • Allocating rights on forest and other state land • Recognizing traditional communal rights • Homestead grants

  10. World Bank’s Operational Program • Land administration • Sri Lanka – Land Titling & Related Services • Pakistan – Punjab Land Records Management • AAA – India, Bangladesh • Land policy/land access • Andhra Pradesh Rural Poverty Reduction • Orissa DPL • AAA – India, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan

  11. Issues – Land Administration • Evolutionary vs. revolutionary approaches • Integration with broader e-government initiatives • Improved governance through improved access to information • Reduced stamp duties and fees • Increased role of the private sector • Focus on service delivery • Need reliable impact analysis

  12. Issues – Land Policy • Difficult to get a stand alone land policy project • Utilize NLTA and project components • Focus on potentials of lease markets liberalization • Pursue implementation of the new India Forestry Law • Build on experience of land legal advisory services in AP • Need reliable impact analysis

  13. Lessons Learned and Questions • ‘Conclusive’ title is problematic • DPLs too blunt an instrument to get intended change on the ground? • Pilots need to be tightly focused • Quick turnover of counterparts undercuts ownership • Possibilities of urban context? • Impact analysis needed

  14. Thank you

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