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Chapter 12: Civilization in East & Southeast Asia

Chapter 12: Civilization in East & Southeast Asia. 2 Golden Ages of China; Mongol & Ming Empires; Korea; Japan. 2 Golden Ages of China. Tang Dynasty Reunifies China After 400 years Tang Dynasty emerged 618 Empire grew / conquered Central Asia territories

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Chapter 12: Civilization in East & Southeast Asia

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  1. Chapter 12: Civilization in East & Southeast Asia 2 Golden Ages of China; Mongol & Ming Empires; Korea; Japan

  2. 2 Golden Ages of China • Tang Dynasty Reunifies China After 400 years • Tang Dynasty emerged 618 • Empire grew / conquered Central Asia territories • Forced Vietnam, Tibet, Korea to be tributary states (rule themselves but China was overall ruler; had to pay tribute to emperor) • Economy grew; initiated land reforms (redistributed land) • Dynasty weakened / overthrown in 907

  3. 2 Golden Ages of China • Song Dynasty founded 960; Reunification • Ruled 319 years • Foreign trade grew • Under Both Dynasties: • Well ordered society w/ social classes • Gentry – wealthy land owners • Peasants – most people • Women had some status / still treated poorly • Wives/mothers managed servants & family finances • Had feet bound • Peasant women worked in fields

  4. Mongol & Ming Empires • Mongols – 1200; nomadic; chieftain Genghis Khan; vast empire from Pacific Ocean to E. Europe • Invaded China using missiles & cannons; Khan died before conquest of China finished • Took over full rule of China – 1279 • Control over the Silk Road / trade grew • Wanted all Mongol government; only Mongols could serve in military; chose non-Chinese for offices instead of Chin. • Established Yuan Dynasty • Ended in 1294

  5. Mongol & Ming Empires • New Chinese dynasty founded in 1368 – Ming • Wanted to show Chinese greatness • Economy grew • Fertile plains; industries in cities • Began overseas exploration • 7 expeditions starting in 1405 – led by Zheng He • 1435 Zheng He died; exploration ended • Expensive to explore & profit wasn’t good enough

  6. Korea • Peninsula below China • Mountains separate • Geography: Mountains cover 70%; water • Greatly influenced by China b/c of this • Adapted Chinese traditions / passed to Japanese • Government, farming, writing, culture

  7. Japan • Geography was big influence on development • Archipelago: chain of islands • Protected & isolated by surrounding seas • Ppl migrated from Asia mainland • Had a feudal society with an emperor (king) • Emperor really only figurehead – didn’t have much power • Warlords fought for land • Samurai = to vassals/knights

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