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Temperature

Temperature. Ms. Messina’s Science Class. Temperature. A measure of the thermal energy in an object A measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample (how fast molecules are vibrating) The three temperature scales are Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit.

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Temperature

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  1. Temperature Ms. Messina’s Science Class

  2. Temperature • A measure of the thermal energy in an object • A measurement of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a sample (how fast molecules are vibrating) • The three temperature scales are Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit

  3. What temperature really is • Atoms are in constant motion, even in a solid object. • The back-and-forth jiggling of atoms is caused by thermal energy, which is a kind of kinetic energy.

  4. Thermometer • An instrument used for measuring temperature

  5. How a thermometer works • The volume of alcohol in a thermometer contains huge numbers of alcohol molecules. • As temperature increases, the alcohol molecules move faster and bounce off each other. • The liquid alcohol expands and takes up more space in the thermometer.

  6. Celsius • Most commonly used by scientists throughout the world • Water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees on the Celsius Scale

  7. Kelvin • This is the metric unit (SI) of temperature • 0 degree K is coldest possible temperature (-273 degree Celsius) Absolute Zero • Kelvin uses the same scale as Celsius • Water freezes @ 273 degree and boils at 373 degrees Kelvin

  8. Fahrenheit • Used in the United States • Water freezes at 32 degree and boils at 212 degrees Fahrenheit • Different Scale than C and K

  9. Important Concepts • As temperature rises the molecules in an object begin to move faster • As temperature decreases, the molecules move slower

  10. Temperature and Density • As molecules move faster (temp. rises), they take up more space (volume increases) • As volume increases density decreases • So the opposite I true, as temperature decreases the volume decreases and density increases

  11. Converting to Kelvin • The Kelvintemperature scale is useful in science because it starts at absolute zero. • To convert from Celsius to Kelvin, you add 273 to the temperature in Celsius.

  12. Absolute zero • Absolute zero is -273°C. • You cannot have a temperature lower than absolute zero. • Think of absolute zero as the temperature at which atoms are “frozen.”

  13. What temperature really is • Temperature measures the kinetic energy per molecule due to random motion.

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