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Understanding Organic Molecules, Enzymes, and the Basics of Life

Dive into the fascinating world of organic molecules, including enzymes, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, proteins, and the fundamental roles they play in living organisms. This guide covers the essential monomers such as nucleotides and amino acids, the function of enzymes, and the importance of cell structures in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Explore topics like activation energy, substrates, catalysts, and the defining characteristics of viruses. Discover how these biological components interact and sustain life, generating an understanding of the molecular basis of biology.

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Understanding Organic Molecules, Enzymes, and the Basics of Life

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  1. Organic Molecules Enzymes Get your hands off my -ase Prokaryotes Eukaryotes Viruses 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 Final Jeopardy

  2. Nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA are formed by repeating units of this monomer.

  3. What are nucleotides?

  4. A monosaccharide such as glucose belongs to this group of organic molecules.

  5. What are carbohydrates?

  6. Butter, lard, and other lipids are made up of this monomer.

  7. What are fatty acid chains?

  8. All living things contain these elements.

  9. What are Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, sulfur and Oxygen?

  10. Amino acids are the monomer for this macromolecule.

  11. What are Proteins?

  12. The energy the that provides a “push” to initiate a chemical reaction.

  13. What is activation energy?

  14. The specific substance that a given enzyme acts on.

  15. What is the substrate?

  16. A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction, but does not get used up in the process.

  17. What is a catalyst?

  18. Enzymes in the human body work best at this temperature.

  19. What is 98.6°F or 37°C?

  20. The site on an enzyme where the chemical reaction takes place.

  21. What is the active site?

  22. This enzyme is responsible for digesting the proteins in the stomach.

  23. What is pepsin?

  24. A substance with a pH less than 7.

  25. What is an acid?

  26. This enzyme is responsible for breaking down toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen in the human body.

  27. What is catalase?

  28. This enzyme will work best at which pH? E ENZYME ACTIVITY pH

  29. What is pH 12?

  30. This process occurs when the active site of an enzyme is destroy (the enzymes shape changes).

  31. What is denaturation?

  32. Plant and Animal cells contain this defining structure.

  33. What is the nucleus?

  34. All cells are enclosed by this structure.

  35. What is the cell membrane?

  36. All living things are composed of one or more of these.

  37. What are cells?

  38. The presence of this molecule enables the nucleus to control most of the cell’s processes.

  39. What is Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)?

  40. Bacteria cells are considered less complex than animal cells because they lack many of these.

  41. What are organelles?

  42. The living cell in which a virus multiples.

  43. What is the host cell?

  44. Instructions for making new copies of a virus are contain here.

  45. What is DNA or RNA?

  46. A virus does not have a cell membrane, instead it is surrounded by this structure.

  47. What is a protein coat?

  48. True or False: A Virus Can Reproduce By Itself.

  49. What is False? A virus needs a host cell to help it reproduce.

  50. Viruses contain these proteins which enable its infection of the host cell.

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