Do Now: key terms

1. Literacy Link SHORT ANSWER QUESTION BIO APPROACH: HWK Do Now: key terms • You will use several pieces of (non-psychological) new terminology today. In order to help your understanding during the lesson you need to make sure you know what the following mean so look them up on an online dictionary and make a note NOW: • Concentric • Involuntary • Primitive • Deficit • Linguistic Know the non-psychology specific terms? Look these up instead: Optic chiasm Somatosensory Aphasia Anterograde amnesia

2. Learning Objective: to explore localisation of cortical function • ALL will be able to match the areas of the brain to the ‘centre’ they contain • MOST will be able to match the areas of the brain to the ‘centre’ they contain AND explain the function of the centre in further detail • SOME will be able to match the areas of the brain to the ‘centre’ they contain, explain the function of the centre in further detail AND use key terms effectively

3. The brain: introduction • The human brain can be viewed as being formed of 3 concentric layers: • The central core (primitive, involuntary behaviours) • The limbic system (emotion, memory) • The cerebrum (higher level, thinking)

4. The brain: introduction • The human brain can be viewed as being formed of 3 concentric layers: • The central core (primitive, involuntary behaviours) • The central core is also known as the BRAIN STEM it controls primitive behaviours including sleeping, breathing and sexual behaviour as well as involuntary behaviours such as sneezing.

5. The brain: introduction • The human brain can be viewed as being formed of 3 concentric layers: • The limbic system (emotion, memory) • Surrounds the central core. Contains structures such as the hippocampus. This plays a key role in memory. A famous patient ‘HM’ had his hippocampus removed and suffered from anterograde amnesia (loss of ability to make new memories).

6. The brain: introduction • The human brain can be viewed as being formed of 3 concentric layers: • The cerebrum (higher level, thinking) • Has an outer layer known as the ‘cerebral cortex’. Grey matter: the cell bodies. White matter: the axons. • Each sensory system sends messages to and from the cerebral cortex

7. The brain: introduction • The human brain can be viewed as being formed of 3 concentric layers: • The cerebrum (higher level, thinking) • Cerebrum is composed of left and right hemispheres, connected by some fibres known as the corpus callosum • Each hemisphere is divided into FOUR LOBES where the centres are located

8. CHECKPOINT • Tell the person next to you what these three areas of the brain are CALLED and what they DO

9. Main Activity: the centres • CANDIDATES MUST KNOW: Localisation of function in the brain (cortical specialisation) including motor, somatosensory, visual, auditory and ‘language’ centres. • You will work in AWAY groups to learn about your area, then you will feed this back to your HOME groups

11. Frontal lobe - consciousness

12. REVIEW: Past paper question • Name one of the lobes of the human brain and give an example of an associated function (3 marks)

13. SELF-ASSESSMENT • Frontal lobe – our sense of awareness, or consciousness • Parietal lobe – sensory and motor movements • Temporal lobe – understanding speech-based information • Occipital lobe – vision

14. Homework: this week • Next week you will have a brief test on your ability to: • Label the main lobes of the brain • Label the main areas of the brain