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Energy & Temperature Scales

Energy & Temperature Scales. Types of Energy. * Energy – ability to do work 1. Heat – transfer of energy due to temperature differences a) Heat flows from high to low temperature b)Temperature is NOT a measure of heat, but it measures average kinetic energy of particles

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Energy & Temperature Scales

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  1. Energy & Temperature Scales

  2. Types of Energy *Energy – ability to do work 1. Heat – transfer of energy due to temperature differences a) Heat flows from high to low temperature b)Temperature is NOT a measure of heat, but it measures average kinetic energy of particles c) Higher the temp, faster the particles move

  3. 2. Electricity – energy due to moving electrons 3. Kinetic energy – energy due to motion 4. Potential energy – energy due to position 5. light

  4. Units of Energy • calorie (=cal) – Do not capitalize c! 1 cal: the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g water 1 °C (Ex) A candy bar has about 200 calories. 2. Calorie (=Cal) 1 Cal = 1 Kcal = 1000 cal 3. joule (=J) – the scientific unit of energy 1 cal = 4.184 J (Two conversion factors are: )

  5. Examples • Convert 2400 cal to: • Kcal • Cal • J • kJ

  6. Conservation of Energy • Energy is never created or destroyed • The amount of energy transferred from one sample must be equal to the amount of energy received by a second sample • Energy is transferred from one object to another until they both have the same temperature. • The total amount of energy in Universe remains unchanged

  7. Temperature Scales • Fahrenheit (°F) – not scientific, but commonly used • Celsius (°C) – not scientific, but commonly used in science classrooms • Kelvin (K) – no degree (°) symbol, scientific unit, but not used outside the science classrooms *When a substance has no energy at all, its temperature is “absolute zero” kelvin, the lowest possible temperature

  8. Converting Temperature Scales • K = °C + 273 • °C = K - 273 3) °F = 4) °C = 5) In order to convert K to °F or vice-versa, convert to °C first.

  9. Examples Convert: 1) 12.4 °C to K 12.4 + 273 = 285.4 (K) 2) 98.2 °F to °C 3) 300. K to °C 300. – 273 = 27 (°C) 4) -58.0 °C to K -58.0 + 273 = 215 (K) 5) 236 K to °F 236 – 273 = -37 (°C)

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