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Functions of the heart 1. Pump 2. Transportation

Functions of the heart 1. Pump 2. Transportation. Did you know? At rest, 2 ounces of blood is circulated with each heart beat. Systemic Circulation & Cardiopulmonary Circulation.

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Functions of the heart 1. Pump 2. Transportation

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  1. Functions of the heart1. Pump2. Transportation Did you know? At rest, 2 ounces of blood is circulated with each heart beat. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  2. Systemic Circulation & Cardiopulmonary Circulation The function of the heart and blood vessels that supplies O2 and nutrients to the entire body is known as—Systemic Circulation The function of the heart that pumps blood from the heart to the lungs and back is known as- Cardiopulmonary Circulation 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  3. Functions of the heartIt’s a PUMP What do pumps do? How does this relate to heart function? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  4. Hear the beat! What makes the lubb dupp sound? Lubb=Tricuspid and Bicuspid Valves closing. Dupp=Semilunar Valves closing 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  5. Blood Pressure FYI • Blood pressure is the surge of blood when heart pumps creates pressure against the walls of the arteries • SYSTOLIC PRESSURE • Measured during the contraction phase • DIASTOLIC PRESSURE • Measured when the ventricles are relaxed What is the normal range of blood pressure for an adult? 120/ 80 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  6. Functions of the heartIt’s a PUMP What makes the pump work? It’s electric! Explain the electrical activity of the heart. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  7. It’s electric! Discuss the function of the heart’s conduction system. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  8. Electrocardiogram • EKG or ECG • SYSTOLE = contraction phase • DIASTOLE = relaxation phase Baseline of an EKG is a flat line: P = Atrial contraction QRS = Ventricular contraction T = Ventricular relaxation 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  9. Functions of the heartIt’s a PUMP What makes the pump work? It’s electric! 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  10. The pathway of a drop of blood thru heart, lungs, body and back Right side Superior vena cava Inferior vena cava Right atrium Tricuspid valve Right Ventricle Pulmonary valve Pulmonary artery Lungs CO2 and O2 exchange Left Side Pulmonary vein Left atrium Bicuspid valve Left ventricle Aortic valve Aorta Body (Schematic of systemic circulation) 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  11. The transportation process • Discuss cardiopulmonary circulation • Compare Systemic Circulation To Cardiopulmonary Circulation 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  12. Vessels of the circulatory system • ARTERIES • What are the functions of arteries? • What are the characteristics of arteries? • Which direction do arteries flow? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  13. Vessels of the circulatory system • VEINS • What is the function of veins? • What are the characteristics of veins? • Which direction do veins flow? • Compare arterial and venous blood. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  14. Vessels of the circulatory system Identify the major veins. Identify the major arteries. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  15. Vessels of the circulatory system Capillaries What is the function of capillaries? What happens if this action is obstructed? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  16. Circulatory disorders-Aneurysm Ballooning out of an artery accompanied by a thinning Arterial wall, caused by a weakening of the blood vessel (almost like having a bubble on a tire). It pulsates with each heart beat. Sxs may include pain and pressure or non at all. If diagnosed, procedures are done to prevent aneurysm from bursting. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  17. Circulatory disorders • Angina pectoris • Indicates an underlying • problem with coronary • circulation. • Usually radiates from • left arm. • Women can have hot or • Burning sensations instead • of typical chest pain. • Tx = Nitroglycerin to dilate • coronary arteries and • increase O2 supply. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  18. Circulatory disorders • Arrhythmia • Is any change from normal heart rate or rhythm • BRADYCARDIA • Slow heart rate (<60 beats per minute) • TACHYCARDIA • Rapid heart rate (>100 beats per minute) What is the normal range for pulse? 60-90 bpm 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  19. Circulatory disorders-Arteriosclerosis • Arteriosclerosis-disease that • occurs when arterial walls thicken • because of a loss of elasticity • due to the aging process. • Causes a narrowing of the arteries • that can impair circulation. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  20. Circulatory disorders-Atherosclerosis • Atherosclerosis= Disease when • Deposits of fatty substances • (as is caused by High levels of • Blood Cholesterol), that form • along the walls of arteries. • can cause heart attack, stroke, • and/or impaired circulatoin • in limbs. What is the difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  21. Circulatory disorders-Coronary Artery Disease • CAD-narrowing of arteries that supply • O2 to heart muscle. • Usually due to Atherosclerosis • Angina Pectoris is main sx • Can lead to Myocardial Infarction 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  22. Circulatory disorders • Myocardial infarction https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t7wmPWTnDbE 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  23. Circulatory disorders • Hypertension • High Blood Pressure (140+/90+) • 1 in 5 Americans has HTN and risks are greater in African Americans and post menapausal women. • Risk Factors: stress, smoking, overweight, high fat diets, family hx of HTN • Meds to decrease BP but often stops taking due to costs and side effects. • It is called the “silent killer” because often no sxs seen. • Can lead to MI, Stroke, Kidney Failure 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  24. Circulatory disorderse-Heart Failure Occurs when ventricles of heart are unable to contract effectively and blood pools in heart, causing a backup of blood and fluid all over body. Ascites, Edema, lung congestion 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  25. Circulatory disorders • Murmurs What is the most common instrument used to detect murmurs? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  26. Circulatory disorders • Peripheral vascular disease How can PVD be prevented? 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  27. Circulatory disorders • Pulmonary edema Pulmonary edema is fluid buildup in the lung. It's usually due to mitral stenosis or left ventricular failure. Symptoms of pulmonary edema include difficulty breathing, coughing up blood-tinged sputum, excessive sweating, anxiety and pale skin. 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  28. Circulatory disorders • Transient ischemic attack 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  29. Circulatory disorders-Varicose Veins • Swollen veins that result • from slowing of venous • blood flow back to the • heart. • Risk Factors: Family Hx, • Standing long prds, • pregnancy, age • Prevention • Wear sunscreen • Elevate legs when resting • Wear elastic support stockings • Eating fiber diets • Exercise • Weight control 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  30. Circulatory disorders Leading Causes of Death: The Impact of Circulatory Disorders 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

  31. Relevance of nutrients to the blood and circulatory system • The circulatory system plays a vital role in homeostasis • Absorption and transport of nutrients to cells, tissues, organs, and systems Did you know??? Vitamin K- prevents hemorrhage Vitamin B12- prevents anemia Vitamin E- prevents hemolysis 2.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the circulatory system

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