1. The Progressive Movement AP US History Spring 2008

2. PROGRESSIVISM CivilRights Suffragettes Muckrackers Temperance Labor Unions MidclassWomen Popul ists Goo Goos

3. The “Culture Wars”:The Pendulum of Right v. Left ChristianEvangelicalMovement 2nd Great Awakening Social Gospel 1920s Revivalism 1950sRevivalism CONSERVATIVE REVOLUTION CIVILWAR Antebellum Reforms[1810s-1850s] Progressivism[1890s-1920] New Deal[1930s-1940s] Great Society&1960s SocialMovements Populism[1870s-1890s]

4. Origins of Progressive Movement • US was #1 industrial producer in the world • Trend of consolidation and cutthroat competition • Widespread Corruption (business & political) • Problems for farmers and workers

5. These factors led to a New Generation of Americans • By the 1890s, the Civil War generation was being replaced by a new generation • People were disturbed by what it saw in America, particularly the decline of equality of economic opportunity and threats to political democracy • These people became known as the Progressives

6. Progressive Era Defined: • “a broad-gauged response by Americans from many backgrounds and walks of life to the emergence of the US as a modern, urban, industrial, multi-cultural world power b/w 1890 and 1920. Impacted art literature, music education, relation, popular culture, race & ethnic relations, gender roles and family structures, labor-management interaction and economic conflict

7. Who was a Progressive? • All social classes, but mostly: • Middle Class • Urban • Educated Professionals • Republicans, Democrats, and 3rd Party supporters • Jane Addams and Hull House likely origin

8. What Progressives Did • Expose Evils of American Life (muckrakers) • Corruption in state and local governments • Poor working and living conditions • Bad business practices

9. Reforms Through Government Action: Political • Primary and recall elections • Referenda and Initiative • Destroyed “Political Machines”

10. Reforms Through Government Action: Economic • Consumer Protection Laws • Stronger Anti-Trust Laws and Enforcement • New and Stronger Regulatory Commissions • Labor Laws

11. Reforms Through Government Action: Social • Prohibition • Settlement Houses • Civil Rights for African Americans • Women’s Suffrage • Conservation

12. Progressive Achievements: Exposing Corruption • Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle • Lincoln Steffens’ Shame of the Cities • Ida Tarbell’s History of Std Oil Company • Ray Baker’s Following the Color Line

15. New Legislation • Consumer Protection: Meat Inspection Act, Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) • Anti-Trust Laws: Clayton Anti-Trust Act (1914), Federal Trade Commission

16. New Legislation • Elkins Act (1903), Hepburn Act (1906) • Child Labor Laws • Constitutional Amendments: • 16th, 17th, 18th, 19th

17. Prosecution of Trusts • US v. No. Securities Co. (1904): 1st successful prosecution and breakup of a trust • US v. Standard Oil (1911) • Coal Strike of 1902: TR sides with labor against mine owners (first time Presidents sides w/ labor)

18. End of Progressivism • Movement began w/ great optimism but ended with great pessimism with WWI’s legacy of isolationism and the reactionary 1920s that worsened race relations, exposed liberal groups (Red Scare 1919-1920), greed of stock speculation