CSE260: Introduction to Digital Logic and Computer Design

1. EE Times, Berkeley Design Tech. (D. Rommel) Spring 2013 CSE260: Introduction to Digital Logic and Computer Design Viktor Gruev vgruev@wustl.edu Bryan Hall 405-D http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~vgruev/cse/260/index.htm (AMD X4 Proc; photo: Sc. Am, Jan. 2010)

2. Teaching Assistants • Raphael Njuguna (njugunar@seas.wustl.edu) • Meenal Kulkarni (kulkarnim@seas.wustl.edu) • Sam Powell (powells@seas.wustl.edu)

3. Course Description • This course provides a modern introduction to logic design and the basic building blocks used in digital systems, in particular digital computers. • It starts with a discussion of combinational logic: logic gates, minimization techniques, arithmetic circuits, and modern logic devices such as field programmable logic gates. • The second part of the course deals with sequential circuits: flip-flops, synthesis of sequential circuits, and case studies, including counters, registers, and random access memories. • State machines will then be discussed and illustrated through case studies of more complex systems using programmable logic devices. Different representations including truth table, logic gate, timing diagram, switch representation, and state diagram will be discussed.

4. Course Description: Lab • The course has an accompanying lab component that integrates hands-on experience with modern computer-aided design software including logic simulation, minimization and an introduction of the use of hardware description language (VHDL). • The hands-on assignments will make use of the Xilinx ISE tool chain for the design and implementation of a variety of projects. • The labs will give you direct feedback on how your design performs and will be a great learning tool.

5. Course Description: Lab • Lab in Lopata Hall 401 • We will use a development board form Opal Kelly (XEM 6002). • The boards contains a Xilinx Spartan 6 chip. • Support USB and PMODs.

6. Course Logistics • Prerequisite: • CSE 131: Computer Science I • or comparable programming experience. • Textbook: • "Logic and Computer Design Fundamentals," 4th Edition, by M. Mano and C. Kime, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, 2008.ISBN# 0138134006. • Online Student material, including solutions to selected problems and additional reading:  http://www.writphotec.com/mano/

7. Grading • Course Grading • Weekly Homework: 15% • Lab Reports: 15% • Midterm 1: 20% • Midterm 2: 20%  • Final Exam (cumulative): 30% • Grading Policy: • 90% or above A • 80% to 89% B • 65% to 79% C • 45% to 64% D • 44% or below F

8. Syllabus (tentative)

9. Digital Circuits are Everywhere Communications Multi-media Manufacturing Consumer electronics Health care Defense and security Software Automotive, etc (Source: R. Tummala, IEEE Spectrum, June 2006)

10. Life Changers Of these 30 innovations , 10 are directly related to advances in Digital Logic and Solid State Circuits; Another 8 are the indirect results of ICs. See artilcel at: http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=2163

11. (Intel) EE Times, Berkeley Design Tech. (D. Rommel) CSE260: Introduction to Digital Logic ? Deals with building blocks of digital systems

12. What are Logic Gates built from? Transistors: • The transistor is the workhorse of every electronic device. Transistor [CSE 463] Digital building blocks

13. Mike in out S B What is a Transistor? • Electronic, solid-state device that can amplify an electric signal: • Vout > Vin • Powerout > Powerin • More about it in ESE 232 and CSE 463. (Source: IMEC) Id output input transistor

14. Digital Model of a Transistor • We make abstraction of the signals: 0 or 1 • As a result a transistors can be considered a switch (on or off; 1 or ;):

15. Ten quintillion • Ten quintillion: 10x1018 • Is about the number grains of rice harvested in 2004 • Number of transistors fabricated in 2004 • In 2008: 1B transistors fabricated/capita

16. What is an IC? • An Integrated Circuit is a miniaturized electronic circuits whose components (transistors, resistors, capacitors) are build on the surface of a semiconductor wafer, using the same planar fabrication technology. (Source: Wikipedia) (Source: http://www.majelac.com/images/wafer_dicing.jpg) (Picture: Scientific American, Jan. 2010)

17. Intel Itanium 9300 Tukwila Processor (source: www.tgdaily.com) Four cores Over 2 billion transistors!

18. Compare to a street map Chip complexity Complexity of the USA (AMD X4 Proc: 758 million transistors; photo: Sc. Am, Jan. 2010) Submicron and nanoscale dimensions

19. 5 layers of interconnections (IBM Corp.) World of the Small Circuit Level (ESE 232) Chip level (CSE 463) Logic Level (CSE 260)

20. Moore’s Law Chip complexity doubles every two years First 2-Billion Trans. Processor (Tukwila: Itanium processor); Production Q1, 2010

21. How to Design such complex systems? Make Abstractions Divide and Conquer Reuse previous designs (IP)

22. Importance of Abstraction • Real world is very messy – can be described by the laws of Physics • For EE, CS, these laws are Maxwell’s equations (Electromagnetics – ESE310) • Simplifications (abstractions): • Lumped models (R, L, C, V) • Amplifier level • Digital abstraction: • Gate level (inverter, AND gates) • …

23. Digital Abstractions (simplifications) • Transistors  switches • Gates: inverter, AND, OR, etc. • Next level: Combinational logic • Next: Synchronous and sequential logic • Next: Computational architecture: X86 • Next: Language Abstraction • Software System Abstraction (OS, Linux, Windows) Thanks to these levels of abstractions one can build useful things, e.g. iPad, etc.

24. XC4000 XC4000 XC4000 CSE 260 • Introduction to modern logic design and digital building blocks: • Digital circuits, Logic design and Micro-operations • Focus on how to design and build Digital Systems: • From simple gates to more complex building blocks. • Learn modern tools to design digital circuits.

25. Beyond CSE 260 • CSE 260 is only one aspect of building digital systems. • What else? • Using digital systems (FPGAs) in embedded systems [CSE 462] • Computer Design [CSE 362] • Chip Design [CSE 463, CSE 563]

26. Underwater camera using FPGA