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Nucleus. Mitochondria. C hloroplast. Ribosome. Vacuole. Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough). Golgi Apparatus. Centrioles. Plasma (Cell) Membrane. Cell Wall. Flagellum. Lysosome.
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Semi-permeable barrier composed of phospholipids around the cytoplasm. Only allows certain materials to pass in or out of the cell. • An organelle composed of ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins. It translates Messenger RNA (mRNA) into a polypeptide chain (e.g., a protein). It can be thought of as a factory that builds a protein from a set of genetic instructions. They can float freely in the cytoplasm (the internal fluid of the cell) or bind to the endoplasmic reticulum, or to the nuclear envelope. • Organelles found in eukaryotes consisting of a double membrane surrounding a matrix, with the inner membrane folded into finger-like projections called cristae. The cristae are the site of energyproduction for the cell, because of this that this organelle is often called the powerhouse of the cell. The are found in large numbers in cells with high energy needs. They are self replicating and contain DNA by which they controlsynthesis of their own proteins. • An organelle comprised of intracellularmembranecompartments that deliversubstances released by the endopasmic reticulum to specific places in a cell. It is involved in modify and package secreted and integral membrane proteins. It is named after Camillo Golgi, an Italian neurologist. • An extensive membranous network in eukaryotic cells, continous with the outer nuclear membrane and composed of ribosome studded (rough ER) and ribosome free (smooth ER) regions. The ER modifies proteins (i.e. glycosylation), makes macromolecules, and transfers substances throughout the cell. Endoplasmic means "within the cytoplasm", and reticulum means "little net". • The organelle that carries out photosynthesis and starch grain formation. A chlorophyll-containing organelle in plants that is the site of photosynthesis. Stacks of thylakloids form grana (look like stacks of coins) and the surrounding liquid is called stroma. • A short cylindrical organelle, found in pairs arranged at right angles to each other at the centre of a microtubule organizing centre (MTOC) or centrosome, found in eukaryotes (except in higher plants). They are similar in structure to cilia and flagella and organises the bundle of microtubules and other proteins forming the core of each cilium or flagellum. It also organizes formation of a spindle during mitosis or meiosis. • A rigid boundary consisting of peptidoglycans in prokaryotic cells and cellulose in plantcells. • A membrane- enclosed bag of hydrolyticenzymes found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. • A large, fluid-filled compartment in the cytoplasm of a plantcell or a smaller vesicle (a compartment that can involve cellular secretion, storage or nutrient uptake) in the cytoplasm of any eukaryotic cell. • The membrane bound organelle that controlls the functions of all other organelles in the cell. It also contains the DNA of the cell inside the nucleus organized into groups in the chromatin of the cell. The nucleolus inside it and is responsible for the production of ribosomes that help in the protein synthesis of the cell as they attach to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. • Flagella are composed of a protein called flagellin. Bacteria can have a singleflagellum, a tuftat onepole, or multiple flagella covering the entiresurface. in eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmicextensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella have the same basicstructure as cilia but are longer in proportion to the cellbearing them and present in much smaller numbers
