REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT IN SOUTHERN GRID

1. REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT IN SOUTHERN GRID

2. OVERVOLTAGE PHENOMENON IN SOUTHERN REGION GRID

3. OVERVOLTAGE PHENOMENON IN SOUTHERN GRID KOLAR FILTER • RESOURCES • REACTORS (LINE AND BUS) MORE DETAILS • TRANSFORMER TAPS • CAPACITORS • GENERATORS • SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSORS • CAPABILITY CURVES • DROPPING LINES ON O/VLOSS IMPLICATIONS • SWITCHABLE LINE REACTORS • IMPACT OF LOW FAULT LEVEL • OFF PEAK AND PEAK FAULT LEVELS • LOW UNIT COMMITMENT IN OFF-PEAK • OUT OF 10,500 MW HYDRO – ONLY 500 MW AT OFF PEAK • OUT OF 85 UNITS > 50 MW:- HARDLY 6-8 RUN AT OFF-PEAK • SC/POWER HANDLED RATIO REACTIVE ENERGY LOW VOLTAGE REACTIVE ENERGY HIGH VOLTAGE REACTIVE ENERGY BALANCE

4. REACTIVE ENERGY SETTLEMENT RING MAIN SCHEME KOODANKULAM SCHEME VOLTAGE SCROLL GRAPHS MAY 2004 APR 2004 MAR 2004 FEB 2004 JAN 2004 DEC 2003 NOV 2003 OCT 2003 SEPT 2003 AUG 2003 JULY 2003 JUNE 2003 MAY 2003 APR 2003 MAR 2003

5. ICT TAP POSITION AS ON 02 - JULY - 04

6. June-04 REACTIVE ENERGY DRAWAL DURING LOW VOLTAGE CONDITION In Mvarh

7. REACTIVE ENERGY DRAWAL DURING HIGH VOLTAGE CONDITION June-04 In Mvarh

8. KOLAR FILTER OPERATION WITH RESPECT TO POWER FLOW

9. UTILISATION OF KADAMPARAI PUMP STORAGE SCHEME: ENERGY IN MUs

10. CITY RING MAIN SCHEMES

11. CITY RING MAIN NETWORK • BANGALORE CITY RING MAIN IN PLACE • CHENNAI RING MAIN PLANNED • HYDERABAD-SECUNDERABAD • TWO 400 KV STATIONS AT PRESENT • THIRD TOUCH POINT AND RING MAIN TO BE PLANNED • TRIVANDRUM • PRESENTLY A SINGLE TOUCH POINT --UNDER CONSTRUCTION

12. BANGALORE 400 KV RING MAIN FROM GOOTY KOLAR NELAMANGALA HOODY 400 KV RING MAIN SOMANAHALLI

13. CHENNAI RING MAIN TO NELLORE TO CHITOOR ALMATHI SRIPERUMBUDUR TO KOLAR MELKOTTAIYUR

14. KOODANKULAM SCHEME

15. KOODANKULAM EVACUATION • 400 KV D/C QUAD LINE TO TIRUNELVELI • 2nd 400 KV D/C QUAD TO TIRUNELVELI ON SEPARATE ROUTE • LILO OF 400 KV D/C MADURAI-TRIVANDRUM @ TIRUNELVELI • 400 KV D/C TIRUNELVELI-UDUMALPET LINE • 400 KV D/C TIRUNELVELI-COCHIN-THRISSUR LINE • 400 KV D/C TIRUNELVELI-EDAMON LINE • 400 KV D/C TIRUNELVELI-COCHIN-THRISSUR LINE AND THE 400 KV D/C TIRUNELVELI-EDAMON LINE WOULD BE ON THE SAME MULTI-CIRCUIT TOWER USING ROW OF EXISTING 220 KV EDAMON-KAYATHAR LINE. • 400 KV D/C TIRUNELVELI-EDAMON LINE TO BE CHARGED AT 220 KV INITIALLY. • 400 KV D/C TIRUNELVELI-EDAMON LINE WOULD LATER BE EXTENDED TO TRIVANDRUM

16. NLMNG CHITOOR KOLAR HOODY ALMATHI HASSAN SP-BUDUR S’HALLI HOSUR MELKOTTAIYUR MYSORE BAHOOR KOZHIKODE SALEM NEYVELI NLY-EXP ARASUR JAYAMKONDAM PUGALUR THRISSUR UDUMALPET TRICHY KARAIKUDI COCHIN MADURAI MULTI-CIRCUIT TOWER ON 220 KV EDAMON-KAYATHAR CORRIDOR KOODANKULAM TRANSMISSION SYSTEM AS APPROVED IN 17TH STANDING COMMITTEE MEETING HELD AT BANGALORE IN SEP03 EDAMON TIRUNELVELI TRIVANDRUM KOODANKULAM

18. AC Harmonic Filters - Kolar Total MVAR: 1701 Cap.

19. Salient Features • Rectifier Talcher, Orissa • Inverter Kolar, Karnataka • Distance  1400 km • Rated Power 2000 MW • Operating Voltage 500 kV DC • Reduced Voltage 400 kV DC • Overload • Two Hour, 50C 1.1 pu per pole • Two Hour, 33C 1.2 pu per pole • Half an hour, 50/33C 1.2/1.3 pu per pole • Five Seconds 1.47 pu per pole

21. ICT TAP POSITION AS ON 04 - JUNE - 04

22. GENERATORS ON SYNCH CONDENSOR MODE: ADVANTAGES • IMPROVED SHORT CIRCUIT LEVELS • CAN BE CONVERTED TO GENERATOR MODE IN SHORT NOTICE • EXCELLENT REACTIVE SOURCE • REDUCED LOSSES • CONTROL VOLTAGE FLUCTUATIONS NEXT: IDUKKI 3 QUADRANT OPN

23. 3 QUADRANT OPERATION MW MVAR NEXT: GENERATORS ON SYNCH CONDENSOR

24. SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSOR OPERATION: IN OPERATION NEXT: SYNCH COND POSSIBLE AT

25. SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSOR OPERATION: POSSIBLE AT PEPPARA PELTON 10 S 3 3

26. PRICE SIGNALS- GENERATORS BOXED UP IN SR:- MAY04

27. REACTIVE ENERGY BALANCE • 3717 KMS OF 400KV LINE IS UNCOMPENSATED • 8401 KMS OF LINE IS COMPENSATED • 4736 KMS (27 LINES) COMPENSATED AT ONE END ONLY • TOTAL LINE CHARGING MVAR 6660 MVAR • LINE REACTORS:- 53 NOS 2740 MVAR • BUS REACTORS:- 8 NOS 452 MVAR • TOTAL 3192 MVAR • % COMPENSATION INCL B/R 50 % • % COMPENSATION EXCL B/R 40 %

28. REACTIVE POWER BALANCE FOR SR -PEAK

29. REACTIVE POWER BALANCE FOR SR – OFF PEAK

30. SWITCHABLE LINE REACTOR

31. SWITCHABLE LINE REACTOR • NEW (SINCE 1990) SWITCHYARD CONFIGURATION PROVIDES FOR CONVERTING L/R AS B/R • THIS BECOMES USEFUL DURING • SYSTEM RESTORSTION • CONTROLLING HIGH VOLTAGE • THIS CAN BE EXTENDED TO OTHER S/Y’s • MORE FLEXIBILITY DURING RESTORATION

32. LINE REAC AS BUS REAC POSSIBLE @ • NSR - GTY @ BOTH ENDS • GTY - BLR @ BOTH ENDS • GZK - NNA @ BOTH ENDS • GZK – NNA @ BOTH ENDS • NNA - NLR @ BOTH ENDS– BOTH CKTS • RGM –KMM @ KMM • RGM – HYD @ HYD