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The Roman Republic

The Roman Republic. By: Sonal Sharma & Marley Puckett 1A. Location and Places. Rome was centrally located in the Mediterranean Basin and distant from Eastern Mediterranean powers The Alps Mountains were protection against enemies

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The Roman Republic

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  1. The Roman Republic By: Sonal Sharma & Marley Puckett 1A

  2. Location and Places • Rome was centrally located in the Mediterranean Basin and distant from Eastern Mediterranean powers • The Alps Mountains were protection against enemies • On the Italian Peninsula, the Mediterranean Sea protected them from sea-borne commerce • Economically, this location helped influence trade by sea • Socially, trade helped with the exchanging of ideas and cultural diffusion

  3. Roman Mythology • Based on Greek polytheistic religion • Explained 3 things- • Natural phenomena • Human qualities • Life events

  4. Roman Gods & Goddesses • Examples- • Jupiter • Juno • Apollo • Diana • Minerva • Venus These supernatural beings were symbols and images in literature, art, and architecture http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oeh1NOJF3U&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  5. Social Structure Society also contained slaves who were not based on race • Divided into 2 groups- • Patricians- powerful nobles and landowners (few of them) • Plebeians- commoners (majority of population)

  6. Citizenship • Most were patrician and plebeian men • Some were selected foreigners • Requirements for being a citizen- • Paying taxes • Anyone who owned land, had to serve in the military

  7. Features of Democracy • Senate- • Traditionally, was made up of patricians • Controlled foreign/financial policies • Advises consuls • Consuls- two officials that ruled Rome • Twelve Tables- laws of Rome • Victory for Plebeians • 451 B.C.- date that they were written • This government had characteristics of a monarchy (king), aristocracy (nobles), and democracy (people) • Assemblies- • At first were patrician-controlled • Appointed consuls and made laws • Less power than senate

  8. Punic Wars (264-146 B.C)Rome vs. Carthage • Both wanted to rule the Mediterranean Sea in order to control trade • Hannibal (Carthaginian leader) invaded the Italian Peninsula through a surprise attack • Fought in 3 wars- • 1st- control of Sicily and Western Mediterranean • 2nd- Hannibal destroys most of Rome • 3rd- Carthage completely destroyed • Rome won all 3 battles and gained control of Mediterranean, expanded trade/wealth for Rome

  9. Evolution of Roman Empire/ Spread of Roman Culture • Roman influence spread into Africa, Asia, and Europe • The Eastern part of this empire was being influenced by Hellenistic culture • By 70 B.C., Roman Empire spread from Anatolia to Spain • By 117 A.D., the Roman Empire had conquered Gaul and the British Isles

  10. Causes of the Decline of the Roman Republic • Increasing gap between the rich and poor • The rich gained more and land and slaves • Poor couldn’t compete • Soldiers and small farmers lost their jobs and moved to the city for work • There was a civil war over the power of Julius Caesar • Inflation caused prices to increase • As the army was conquering more lands, they had to protect more people

  11. The End

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