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THE ROMAN REPUBLIC

This section explores the social structure and governmental organization of the Roman Republic. It defines the Patricians as wealthy landowners forming the ruling class, holding public office, and enjoying privileges such as voting and military service. In contrast, the Plebeians, encompassing artisans and small farmers, had limited rights and could not hold public office or marry Patricians. The government operated through a tripartite system, with checks and balances to prevent any group from becoming too powerful. Key officials included Consuls, Praetors, and the Senate.

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THE ROMAN REPUBLIC

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  1. THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Chapter 8 Section 2 Part 1

  2. Patricians *Wealthy Landowners *Made up Rome’s ruling class *Men-Roman Citizens *Can hold public office *Vote, Pay Taxes, Serve in the Army *Could not marry a Plebeian Plebeian *Artisans, Shopkeepers, owners of small farms *Men-Roman Citizens *Vote, Pay Taxes, Serve in the Army *Less Social Class *Could not hold public office *Could not marry a Patrician Rome’s Government

  3. Roman Republic • Tripartite—three part Government • One group ran the government • One group made the laws • One group acted as Judges Had Checks and Balances so one group could not get too strong, but did not separate powers

  4. Roman Republic Roman Republic *Consul-top Roman Republic Officials -Two Consuls (Patricians) were chosen every year. -Headed the Army -Consul could veto (Latin for “I forbid”) -Veto was a way to keep each other in line

  5. Roman Republic • Praetor—main job was to interpret the law and act as judges in court • Other Officials—kept tax records, handling public finances, supervising festivals

  6. Roman Republic • Senate—Most important legislative body • Select group 0f 300 Patrician men who served for life • In the beginning, only gave advice to the Consul • By 200s BC—proposed laws, debates, and approved building programs

  7. Roman Republic • Assembly of Centuries—another legislative body • Elected Consuls and Praetors • Passed Laws • Under control of the Patricians

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