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The Roman Republic

The Roman Republic. 7.2. How did Rome go from small village to a huge empire?. A. Early Rome. Legend says Founded by brothers Romulus and Remus In 753 as a walled city on the Tiber Archeologists say Started as mud huts On the hills on the Tiber River. A. Early Rome.

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The Roman Republic

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  1. The Roman Republic 7.2

  2. How did Rome go from small village to a huge empire?

  3. A. Early Rome • Legend says • Founded by brothers Romulus and Remus • In 753 as a walled city on the Tiber • Archeologists say • Started as mud huts • On the hills on the Tiber River

  4. A. Early Rome • Drove out the Etruscan Kings in 502 • Improved their city • Built a bridge across the Tiber • Drained the swamps and built the 1st forum

  5. A. Early Rome • Patricians & the Plebeians Rich vs. Poor • After the last Etruscan King the Patricians took control ? What kind of government is this? 7. In 494BC the Plebeians rebelled and demanded changes • The result – the birth of the Republic

  6. B. Government and the Republic • In a republic a representative is elected to act for the people. What does this remind you of and how? • But in Rome not all votes were equal • There were 3 branches of government Sound familiar? a. the senate – foreign relations & money b. tribunes – protected the rights of plebeians c. consuls – military commanders and judges

  7. B. Government and the Republic • Twelve Tables • Before the tables only the patricians knew the laws • Wrote down the laws on 12 bronze tablets and put them in the forum • They governed everything from marriage & trade, to warfare • See page 225

  8. C. Wars with Carthage • By 256 BC Rome controlled the Italian peninsula • In 264 their soldiers landed on Sicily • This cause conflict with Carthage – they controlled Sicily • This is referred to as the 1st Punic (Latin for Phoenicia) War • Rome wins and then claims more Carthaginian land

  9. D. Hannibal • Swore revenge on Rome • This is the 2nd Punic War • Rome was too powerful at sea so he went over land • This meant going over the Alps WITH ELEPHANTS!

  10. D. Hannibal • Although he succeeded and won many battles he could not defeat the Romans • He ran out of supplies and retreated to Africa (Carthage) • A Roman general followed, Scipio Africanus destroying Carthage at the Battle of Zama • Rome was now the most powerful force in the Mediterannean

  11. E. Greece • Rome then goes on to conquer Greece • And adopts much of Greek culture

  12. F. Problems in Italy 1. Difficulties as an empire • The poor became poorer • The conquered people and slaves revolted • Plebeians and Patricians struggle for power • Efforts at reform • Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus wanted to give more land to the poor • The patricians had them killed Why would they want to give land to the poor?

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