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Greece and Rome Review

Greece and Rome Review. Who fought in the Persian Wars?. Greeks (Athens and Sparta together) v s. Persia The Greeks won. Name 2 important leaders of Persia. Darius and Xerxes. Who fought in the Trojan War?. The Trojans vs. the Mycenaeans . Troy was destroyed.

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Greece and Rome Review

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  1. Greece and RomeReview

  2. Who fought in the Persian Wars? • Greeks (Athens and Sparta together) vs. Persia • The Greeks won

  3. Name 2 important leaders of Persia. • Darius and Xerxes

  4. Who fought in the Trojan War? • The Trojans vs. the Mycenaeans. • Troy was destroyed

  5. How did geography affect the people of Greece? • Mountains separated the cities • Unique city states developed • Couldn’t’ unite

  6. Fundamental political unit in Greece. • Polis (city) A polis was made up of a city and its surrounding countryside, which included many villages.

  7. What is an Oligarchy? Which city-state practiced this? • A government ruled by a few • Sparta

  8. What is a direct democracy? • All citizens in government could vote • Athens • You must be a Greek Citizen, male and own land • Pericles was the greatest leader of Athens he built up the govt. art, architecture, and learning.

  9. What were the teachings of Socrates? • Individual thought • He was killed for “corrupting the youth of Athens”

  10. What were the teachings of Plato? Student of Socrates He wrote “The Republic” and essay about the ideal government and society.

  11. Who was Aristotle • Greek philosopher a student of Plato • Formed basis of scientific method • Teacher of Alexander the Great

  12. When did the Spartan military training begin? • At age 7

  13. What were the advantages of Sparta at the beginning of the Pelopennesian war? • Strong Army- Sparta • Strong Navy- Athens • Pelopennesian War Athens vs. Sparta Sparta finally wins the war Result- Everyone was weakenend

  14. Who was King Philip • King of Macedonia • Alexander the Great’s Father

  15. What happened to Alexander the Greats Empire after his death. • It was split into 3 parts amongst his generals • Alexander the Great wanted to unite Europe, Asia and combine the best of Greek and Persian cultures.

  16. What is Hellinism? • Blending of Greek, Persian, Egyptian and Indian cultures.

  17. What was the name of the alliance between the Greek city-states lead by Athens • The Delian League

  18. What was significant about Rome’s geography? • Middle of Med. Sea • Middle of Italy • Excellent for Trade

  19. What form of government did the Romans have? • A Republic

  20. Who were the Patricians? • Patricians- upper class in Ancient Rome • Wealthy aristocrats who served in the Senate. • Plebeians- laypeople in Ancient Rome Merchants, farmers, teachers and tradespeople

  21. What were the Twelve Tables? • Roman Laws that was posted in the Forum

  22. Who was in charge of the Roman Government? • Consul – 1 year term • What powers did they have? • Over govt. and military could veto • Could be elected after 10 years.

  23. Who was the Senate? • Made laws for Rome • Patricians could be members

  24. How was Rome able to keep such a large empire? • Roman roads- trade, move military and collect taxes • “All roads led to Rome”

  25. Who fought in the Punic wars? • Rome vs. Carthage • Rome won

  26. Who was Hannibal? • General of Carthage • Tried and failed to conquer Rome • Took elephants over the Alps

  27. Who was Julius Caesar? • Roman First Dictator • Expanded size of Rome • Beautified Rome • Paid soldiers • Assassinated by the Senate

  28. PaxRomana • Roman Peace and Prosperity • It was the height of the Roman Empire for 200 years

  29. How do Christians and Jew differ on their views of the Messiah? • Christians believe Jesus is the Son of God and their Savior • Jews believe he is just a prophet and are waiting for the Savior

  30. What allowed Christianity to Spread? • Constantine the Great adopted Christianity and ended persecution of the Christians.

  31. How far did the Roman Empire extend at its height? • Great Britain to North Africa • Spain to Turkey

  32. What factors caused the Roman Empire to crumble? • Economic problems • Inflation • Food shortages • Declining Military • Germanic Tribes Invaded

  33. What is a Mercenary? Soldiers who fight for money • What impact did they have on the Roman Empire? Generals fought amongst themselves

  34. Who was the leader of Athens during its Golden age? • Pericles • He built up the government • Emphasized architecture, art and learning.

  35. What were some of the major accomplishments of the Ancient Greeks? • Philosophy • Olympics • Democracy • Theater

  36. What were some of the major accomplishments of the Ancient Romans? • Arch • Republic • Spread of Christianity • Latin • Roads • Aqueducts

  37. What influence did the Greeks have on the Romans? • Religion and Government

  38. Why was Nero considered a Bad Roman Emperor? • Started Great Fire • Destroyed parts of the city

  39. Who was the First Triumvirate? • Julius Caesar • Pompey • Crassus

  40. Who was in the Second Triumvirate? • Octavian • Lepidus • Marc Antony

  41. Who did Marc Antony fall in love with? What happened to them? • Cleopatra • Committed suicide when he lost to Augustus (Octavian) • She stuck her hand in a basket with snakes and killed herself

  42. What was significant about Emperor Diocletian? • He divided the Roman Empire into east and west

  43. What was significant about Emperor Constantine? • He converted to Christianity and ended the persecution of the Christians • He also reunited the Roman empire and moved the capital from Rome to Constantinople.

  44. What was significant about Emperor Theodosius? • He made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire

  45. Who was the First emperor of the Roman Empire? • Augustus • He built up Rome • Set up postal service • Managed Grain supply • Tax Collection

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