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This piece examines the diffusion of civil service reform through three distinct approaches: borrowing broad directions, adopting specific concepts, and detailed replication of ideas. It highlights the various mechanisms that facilitate these adaptations, including subsequent implementations and the "federal effect" that encourages interactive exchanges among governments and countries. Furthermore, it discusses existing needs and earlier proposals within the context of SES reform, demonstrating how many innovations are borrowed from the USA and adapted to different contexts.
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Diffusion of Civil Service Reform: Three types of diffusions • Borrowing a broad direction or approach • Taking a specific concept w/o close correspondence to detail • Detailed replication of an idea
Diffusion Mechanisms • One implementation leads to replication elsewhere • So called “federal effect” • Interactive effect among governments or countries
SES REFORM • Earlier proposals existed • Interaction among adoptees • Existing need • Borrowed from USA