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SOCIAL CAPITAL DAN JARINGAN BISNIS

SOCIAL CAPITAL DAN JARINGAN BISNIS. Didik J. Rachbini. Bayangkan !. Masyarakat Italia Utara dan Italia selatan. Perhatikan pula!. Filipina Utara Filipina Selatan. Hal yang sama terjadi pada:. Indonesia bagian barat Indonesia bagian timur. Lihatlah!.

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SOCIAL CAPITAL DAN JARINGAN BISNIS

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  1. SOCIAL CAPITAL DAN JARINGAN BISNIS Didik J. Rachbini

  2. Bayangkan ! • Masyarakat Italia Utara dan Italia selatan

  3. Perhatikan pula! Filipina Utara Filipina Selatan

  4. Hal yang sama terjadi pada: • Indonesia bagian barat • Indonesia bagian timur

  5. Lihatlah! Keluarga, suku dan etnis yang sukses dalam bisnis dan yang tidak (kaum samurai, etnis India di Afrika Selatang, Tionghoa di Asia Tenggara, suku padang, kaum saudagar jaringan pesantren)

  6. Semua itu berhubungan dengan konsep Social Capital (Modal Sosial) Social capital can be understood as networks of social relations characterised by norms of trust and reciprocity that lead to outcomes of mutual benefit

  7. Social Capital • mutual trust • reciprocity • groups • collective identity • sense of shared future • working together

  8. Human Capital Natural Capital / Community Capitals Social Capital Healthy ecosystem Vital economy Social equity Financial/ Built Capital

  9. Modal Sosial melancarkan bisnis & mengurangi transaction costs • Temukan informasi yang tepat ttg barang dan jasa dalam hal: • Harga • Ketersediaan • Transportasi • Permintaan • Penawaran • Kecenderungan yang akan datang

  10. Ketiadaan Modal Sosial

  11. Fungsi Bonding (pengikatan) dari Modal Sosial

  12. Fungsi Bridging Modal Sosial

  13. Bonding Tight, exclusive networks High boundary maintenance Single answer focus Bridging Open and flexible networks Permeable and open boundaries Legitimization of alternatives Social Capital

  14. Dimensi Modal Sosial:Implikasi pada Pembangunan Masyarakat BRIDGING + Community change driven by goals of outsiders, often mediated through local bosses Community change driven by community-determined goals and linked to external resources + - BONDING Rich solve problems through financial capital Poor have few options Community resists change, often groups within the community don’t trust each other and do not cooperate -

  15. Komponen Modal Sosial dalam Masyarakat & Bisnis (Flora and Flora) • Entrepreneurial Social Infrastructure • Jaringan Horizontal and Vertical • Mobilisasi sumberdaya • Legitimasi alternatif • network yg agresif • percepatan jaringan bisnis • stimulasi kepercayaan yang cepat

  16. Komponen Modal Sosial • Pengetahuan atas sumberdaya dan peluang di dalam dan di luar masyarakat atau organisasi • Identitas dan kehendak untuk tindakan dan kerjasama kolektif dalam mengolah sumberdaya tersebut • Membangun contoh kelembagaan yang baik utk investasi modal sosial • Inward looking dan outward looking yang seimbang • bonding dan bridging yang selaras

  17. Perkuat komunikasi & relasi • Meningkatkan interaksi diantara pelaku bisnis di dalam komunitas • Meningkatkan interaksi dengan berbagai kelompok di luar • Meningkatkan ketersediaan informasi bisnis • Otomatis membangun jaringan, kelembagaan dan aturan main

  18. Perbaiki inisiatif komunitas, tanggung jawab dan adaptabilitasnya • Shared vision • Pertama bangun sumberdaya internal • Cari alternatif respond terhadap perubahan yang konstan • Hilangkan korban mentalitas

  19. Community Financial Capital IPO Venture capitalists Gov’t programs Friends & Relatives Gov’t programs Equity Banks Debt Local Investment funds Local Individuals Loan funds Credit cards Sector: Retail Farm Factory Value-added Services Capital use: Transfer ownership Increase efficiency Diversify Expand New product or service Operating expenses More jobs, better jobs

  20. Criteria for Loan, Investment & Business • Risk • Return • Relationships • Community impacts • Increase human capital (lower out-migration, increase in-migration) • Social capital (increased networks & communication, increased initiative, innovation, & adaptability • Health ecosystems with multiple community benefits • Healthy, diverse local economy

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