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Enhancing Comfort Through Adaptive Air Conditioning: Principles and Benefits

This workshop, led by David Uhlhorn from Umow Lai & Associates in March 2003, explores adaptive air conditioning and its impact on occupant comfort and productivity. It highlights the parameters affecting comfort, such as temperature, humidity, and ventilation, that can be controlled, along with factors beyond control like external weather and occupant mood. The workshop discusses ASHRAE standards, adaptive comfort theory, and the blending of natural ventilation with mechanical systems, revealing how adaptive approaches can lead to greater satisfaction and lower costs in air-conditioned environments.

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Enhancing Comfort Through Adaptive Air Conditioning: Principles and Benefits

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  1. AAPPA “Space Revisited” WorkshopADAPTIVE AIR CONDITIONING by David Uhlhorn Umow Lai & Associates Pty Ltd March 2003

  2. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort Comfort Occupant satisfaction Increased productivity

  3. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort • Some parameters affecting comfort we can control: • temperature • humidity • air speed • ventilation rate • glare • solar radiation • lighting level • colours

  4. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort • Some parameters affecting comfort we may not be able to control: • external weather conditions • clothing • relationship with other occupants • odours • job satisfaction • mood • health

  5. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort Definition: “Thermal Comfort is that condition of mind that expresses satisfaction with the thermal environment” - American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)

  6. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort Comfort conditions in air conditioned buildings: • ASHRAE Standard 55 “Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy” - satisfies 80% of sedentary or slightly active persons.

  7. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort Greater occupant control Greater occupant comfort

  8. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort with Natural Ventilation Comfort conditions in naturally ventilated buildings:

  9. Adaptive Air ConditioningComfort Adaptive Comfort Theory - occupants adapt to their environment via 3 modes: Behavioural - adjustment Physiological - acclimatisation Psychological - habituation and expectation

  10. Adaptive Air Conditioning Adaptive Air Conditioning: natural ventilation mechanical air conditioning Also called hybrid or mixed mode ventilation/air conditioning

  11. Adaptive Air Conditioning Adaptive Air Conditioning benefits: • lower capital costs • lower operating costs • higher occupant satisfaction

  12. Adaptive Air ConditioningPotential for Natural Ventilation Percentage of hours/annum between 15-26 oC % of Total Hours/Annum Brisbane 65 Sydney 64 Perth 55 Adelaide 43 Melbourne 37 Canberra 30 Hobart 26 Darwin 25

  13. Adaptive Air Conditioning CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:

  14. Adaptive Air Conditioning CSIRO Food Science, Werribee:

  15. Adaptive Air Conditioning The University of Melbourne - Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute

  16. Adaptive Air Conditioning The University of Melbourne - Bio21

  17. Adaptive Air Conditioning Deakin University, Burwood - Building T

  18. Adaptive Air Conditioning Deakin Building T

  19. Adaptive Air Conditioning Deakin Building T: • Construction cost $1,650 per m2 (cf typical > $2,000 per m2) • Energy target of 350 MJ per m2 (cf typical 450 - 950 MJ per m2) • Average internal temperature 23 oC (Nov 02 - Jan 03)

  20. Adaptive Air Conditioning Summary: • Comfort is a personal thing and best that can be expected is 90-95% satisfaction • Occupants of naturally ventilated buildings have lower expectations than occupants of air conditioned buildings • Degree of control of the environment has a major influence on satisfaction with thermal conditions

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