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Insect World Wonders: Why Spiders and Other Tiny Creatures Are Essential

Explore the fascinating world of insects and arachnids, showcasing their unique characteristics and importance in ecosystems. Learn about spider vs. millipede defense mechanisms, insect body structures, feeding habits, and reproduction processes. Dive into the intricate details of their anatomy and sensory systems, revealing the beauty and complexity of these small but vital organisms.

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Insect World Wonders: Why Spiders and Other Tiny Creatures Are Essential

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  1. JOURNAL • Joe says that all spiders are bad. Convince him that they are actually good using information you’ve learned in this unit. • Please turn in: • Spider Labeling/Web WKST OR Spider Lab

  2. SUBPHYLUM UNIRAMIA

  3. Millipedes vs. Centipedes Class Diplopoda Class Chilopoda Centipedes 1 pair legs/segment About 15 body segments Flat bodies Habitat- moist areas Diet- carnivores Defense- Venomous maxilliped Bite feels like wasp sting • millipedes • 2 pairs legs/segment • 11-100 body segments • round bodies • Habitat- moist areas • Diet- herbivores • Defense- • Roll into a ball • Produce hydrogen cyanide repellant

  4. Class HexapodaInsects

  5. General Body Structure • Three body regions a. Head b. Thorax c. Abdomen • One pair antennae • Six legs

  6. Digestion/Feeding • Having different mouthparts reduces food competition among different species. • This is probably why insects are such a successful group of organisms. • Types: • Chewing- mandibles (grasshopper & most beetles)

  7. Digestion/Feeding • Siphoning- tube for sucking (butterfly) • Piercing & sucking- cut thru skin or plants (mosquito, assassin bug) • Sponging- absorbing food (fly)

  8. Excretion • Malpighian tubules- dump wastes into intestine. • Waste- uric acid crystals to prevent water loss.

  9. Circulation • Open • Has heart that pumps blood into the hemocoel (body cavity) and ostia suck blood back up • Not used in gas exchange • Distributes nutrients, hormones, pheromones.

  10. Respiration • Spiracles- holes in body thru which air enters • Tracheal tubes- extend length of body for distribution & exchange of gases.

  11. Thermoregulation • Thermoregulation- control of body temperature • Ectothermic- organisms that cannot control their own body temperature • Bodies must warm up before able to fly.

  12. Nervous/Sensory System • Compound eyes • Some images • Color (UV light) • Shape • Movement • Some have simple eyes-ocelli

  13. What it actually sees… What an insect is looking at… Compound eye under the microscope.

  14. Nervous/Sensory System • Some can detect odors- flies, bees • Tympanic membrane- • Amplify or detect sound • Located on legs or abdomen • Setae- hairs on legs, body, antennae • Movement • vibrations

  15. Reproduction • Dioecious • Controlled by • Population density • Temperature • Seasons • Pheromones • Auditory signals

  16. 3. Females may use ovipositer to deposit eggs in soil, tree, leaf, etc.

  17. External Anatomy of insect • Abdomen • Thorax • Head • Mandible • Antennae • Compound eye • Hemi-elytra (partial outer wing) • Hind wing (for flight) • Abdominal spiracles • Jumping leg • Tympanic membrane • Thoracic spiracles • Pronotum- covers thorax • Ovipositor 14

  18. Elytra-forwing Hindwing- flight Beetles have hard outer wing- elytra- that protects membranous hindwing- for flight

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