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An urban species?

An urban species?. KGA171 The Global Geography of Change Presented by Associate Professor Elaine Stratford Semester 1. Manhattan – the urban archetype. Part 1. Looking forward, looking back. Revising Module 5 Lecture 2. What is food security? Its opposite?

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An urban species?

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  1. An urban species? KGA171 The Global Geography of Change Presented by Associate Professor Elaine Stratford Semester 1

  2. Manhattan – the urban archetype

  3. Part 1 Looking forward, looking back

  4. Revising Module 5 Lecture 2 What is food security? Its opposite? What does Chapter 4 of Agenda 21 have to say about the role of consumption in relation to the demand for natural resources? What symptoms and challenges distinguishes chronic hunger from starvation? If you were to map the distribution of undernourishment and the agricultural labour force alongside outcomes for the human development index, what are three generalizations you could make about Africa, South America and south and southeast Asia? What are six factors in the geopolitics of excess? Describe and explain the spatial distribution of obesity in the OECD. What might be one explanation for the correlation between falling grain stocks and increased meat production? Why is it difficult to manage the capture of wild fish stocks? When were the three agricultural revolutions and what main characteristics distinguishes each? Explain how horizontal and vertical integration affect food production. Man thinking

  5. Learning Objectives Module 5 Lecture 3 KGA171 demonstrate knowledge of geographical concepts, earth and social systems and spatial patterns of change create and interpret basic maps, graphs and field data identify and analyse different viewpoints to contribute to debates about global development communicate in reflective and academic writing, referencing literature when needed Be able to: • explain the key characteristics of urbanization and its spatial variation across core, semi-periphery and periphery • describe the symptoms of unsustainable development in relation to urbanization • summarize the main components of Agenda 21’s program for sustainable human settlements • explain how particular innovations in bio/technical nutrients [after McDonough] may aid sustainable urban development

  6. Textbook Reading Bergman and Renwick (2008) Chapter 10 – read the introduction and summary, examine headings and sub-headings, carefully look at illustrations and data, and skim read text. Cohen, B. (2006) Urbanization in developing countries: current trends, future projections, and key challenges for sustainability, Technology in Society 28, pp.63-80. United Nations (2008) World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 revision. Critical reading What is the author’s purpose? What key questions or problems does the author raise? What information, data and evidence does the author present? What key concepts does the author use to organize this information, this evidence? What key conclusions is the author coming to? Are those conclusions justified? What are the author’s primary assumptions? What viewpoints is the author writing from? What are the implications of the author’s reasoning? [from Foundation for Critical Thinking] Man reading a book

  7. Part 2 Defining and evaluating the merits of the city

  8. Alienation or identification?

  9. The Genius of the City Community Innovation Generalised trust Exchange Mobility Resources

  10. Part 3 Urbanization and development in the modern world system

  11. Mapping influences Knox, P. & Marston, S. (2004) p.400

  12. Welwyn Garden City, UK Colorado Springs, Colorado

  13. UN 2008 MDG

  14. Trends in Global Urbanization Knox, P. & Marston, S. (2004) Places and Regions in a Global Context, 3rd edition Pearson, New Jersey, p.388

  15. 6.4 bn 3.3 bn each 1.8 bn 2.8 bn 0.7 bn UN 2008

  16. Trends in Global Urbanization Knox, P. & Marston, S. (2004) p.389

  17. 67% 2019 2007 (semi) Periphery : 44% urban Core: 74% urban 86% UN 2008

  18. Megacities >10 million Source: UN Habitat

  19. São Paulo – pop. 19 million Brazil % of urban population 1950 36.2 1970 55.8 1990 74.8 2010 86.5 2030 91.1 2050 93.6 UN, 2008

  20. Global cities • Corporate headquarters • Significant financial capacity • Stock market indices • Financial services provision, banks • Personal wealth • Numbers of billionaires • Political clout • Host for international organizations • Political status as municipality for several million people • Diverse demographic and population characteristics • Advanced infrastructural characteristics • Significant areas exhibiting high or low quality of life • Expatriate communities • Presence of renowned cultural institutions, events, activities and personalities • Influential media organizations with global reach • Strong sporting organizations with major facilities • Major educational and research and development facilities • Major tourism destinations • Advanced health facilities

  21. World cities and the modern world system 19th Century (industrial capitalism) Amsterdam Berlin Chicago Lisbon London Manchester New York Paris Rome St Petersburg Vienna 20th Century (corporate capitalism) Chicago Frankfurt Hong Kong London Los Angeles Milan New York Paris Singapore Tokyo 17th Century (mercantile capitalism) Amsterdam Antwerp Genoa Lisbon London Venice

  22. The majority of urbanites live in small citiesCity Size as a % of urban population UN 2008

  23. Problems of unsustainable development in cities Favela, Sao Paulo

  24. Part 4 Alternative futures

  25. Agenda 21 Chapter 7 How to imagine and represent new visions for the planet?

  26. Beyond international diplomacy

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